8 Rowland M. Shelley 



Paraiulus furcifer. Brolemann, 1895:69, pi. 7, figs. 21-23. 

 Bollmaniulus furcifer: Verhoeff, 1926:65. Chamberlin and Hoffman, 



1958:133. Buckett, 1964:18. Kevin, 19836:2964. 

 Taijulus furcifer. Chamberlin, 1938:205. 

 Caliulus furcifer. Chamberlin, 1940:15; 1944:80. 



Type Specimens — Three male and 13 female syntypes (No. 

 2172), most highly fragmented, collected by O. Harger and G. H. 

 Collier in October 1871 from the vicinity of Canyon City, in the 

 John Day River Valley, Grant County, Oregon. 



Remarks — Bollman (1887) transferred this species into Parajulus, 

 misspelled as Paraiulus by Brolemann (1895), and Cook (1904) recorded 

 it from Corvallis, Oregon. Chamberlin (1920) reported it from Clare- 

 mont, Los Angeles County, California, surely a misidentification of 

 another, possible congeneric parajulid. Verhoeff (1926) listed furcifer 

 as the only component of his new genus Bollmaniulus, thereby mak- 

 ing it the type species by monotypy as reported by Jeekel (1971). 

 He did not specifically designate furcifer as the generotype, so this 

 status does not result from original designation, as stated by Chamber- 

 lin and Hoffman (1958). Chamberlin (1938, 1940) evidently was unaware 

 of Verhoeff s action when he transferred furcifer into his new genera 

 Taijulus and Caliulus, respectively, both of which have subsequently 

 been placed in synonymy under Bollmaniulus (Chamberlin and Hoff- 

 man 1958, Hoffman 1979). Chamberlin (1944) repeated the combination 

 C. furcifer for a form from McCloud, Siskyou County, California, 

 and added that the species was common over much of Oregon and 

 California. Buckett (1964) recognized the combination Bollmaniulus 

 furcifer and stated that it ranged from British Columbia into California. 



As noted by Hoffman (1979, 1992), the Parajulidae is one of 

 the two most dominant Nearctic diplopod families in terms of com- 

 ponent genera and species, the other being the Xystodesmidae 

 (Polydesmida). It was studied from 1948 to about 1974 by Dr. Nell 

 B. Causey, who amassed a large collection and examined most type 

 specimens while conducting a detailed family revision. Unfortunately, 

 she never completed the project and published only a few brief papers 

 before her death in 1979. Consequently, knowledge of the Parajulidae 

 is not nearly as advanced as those of the other major Nearctic diplopod 

 families. Work on the taxon must essentially begin anew, a daunting 

 task because of the diversity of the family and the enormous amount 

 of preserved material in nearly every major and minor milliped repository 

 on the continent. The types of /. furcifer will be crucial to an investigation 

 of Pacific parajulids, because as the eighth oldest generic name in 

 the family, Bollmaniulus has priority over such other nominal Pacific 



