Behavior of Lake Waccamaw Fishes 59 



these species in nature. In our tests, E. perlongum exhibited a thermoreg- 

 ulatory precision that was intermediate among the species tested. Lind- 

 quist et al. (1981) observed seasonal onshore-offshore spawning migra- 

 tions of E. perlongum, which might be cued by changes in water 

 temperature. Although darters generally appear to be diurnal (see Adam- 

 son & Wissing 1977; Cordes & Page 1980; Mathur 1973), our data sug- 

 gest that E. perlongum is nocturnal. However, our results may not accu- 

 rately represent the fish's activity pattern in nature, and further tests are 

 necessary to resolve this apparent discrepancy. 



Enneacanthus gloriosus exhibits a crepuscular activity pattern (Caster- 

 lin & Reynolds 1980), as does E. chaetodon (Table 1). Centrarchids 

 generally tend to be diurnal or crepuscular (Reynolds & Casterlin 1976; 

 L. marginatus in Table 1). In contrast, ictalurids such as Noturus (Table 

 1) tend to be nocturnal or crepuscular, as are the Ictalurus species (Rey- 

 nolds & Casterlin 1977, 1978). Ictalurids and centrarchids are considered 

 typical "warm-water" fish species (Reynolds 1979), in contrast to "cold- 

 water" species such as salmonids that prefer temperatures below 20 °C. 

 Percids are more variable, with various species preferring widely different 

 temperatures (Reynolds 1979). 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.— We thank John McNeill for generously 

 allowing us the use of his cabin at Lake Waccamaw, and John R. and 

 Peggy W. Shute for help in capturing several of the species. This study 

 was made possible by grant-in-aid funds provided under section 6 of the 

 Endangered Species Act of 1973 (PL 93-205) to David G. Lindquist. 

 These funds were administered by the North Carolina Wildlife Resources 

 Commission. 



LITERATURE CITED 

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of the rainbow, fantail, and banded darters in Four Mile Creek. Ohio J. Sci. 



77:164-169. 

 Casterlin, Martha E., and W. W. Reynolds. 1979a. Shark thermoregulation. 



Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 64 A AS 1-453. 

 ,and 1979b. Thermoregulatory behavior of the bluespotted 



sunfish, Enneacanthus gloriosus. Hydrobiologia 64:3-4. 

 , and 1980. Diel activity of the bluespotted sunfish, Ennea- 



canthus gloriosus. Copeia 1980 (2):344-345. 

 , and 1982. Thermoregulatory behavior and diel activity of 



yearling winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum). 

 Environ. Biol. Fishes 7: 177- 180. 

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