16 Alvin L. Braswell and Ray E. Ashton, Jr. 



because they were less successful and more troublesome to use than 

 minnow traps. Stream sampling began in the lower, larger sections and 

 proceeded upstream until N. lewisi could no longer be caught. If N. 

 lewisi was not taken on the first attempt, a minimum of two trapping 

 periods (2-3 days each) was alloted to each site. Routinely, 10 minnow 

 traps were set in a site, and dip nets were often used to sample leaf beds. 



Data recorded on a Trap Site Sheet for each site included: 



(1) three-digit Site Number; 



(2) date sampling began; 



(3) county in which site located; 



(4) name of stream from USGS topographic maps; 



(5) number of nearest state or federal road; 



(6) air miles and direction from the center of a nearby town 

 appearing on a state highway map; 



(7) width of stream to the nearest half meter, using a tape or a 

 Ranging Inc. (model 120) rangefinder; 



(8) an average of five evenly spaced measurements across the 

 stream bed to determine depths (streams too deep to safely 

 measure by wading were considered over 100cm deep); 



(9) flow rate, measured in cm/ sec. at a point of near average 

 flow for the site (stream width, depth, and average flow rate 

 were measured at the same point in the stream, and an 

 attempt was made to take these readings at near normal 

 water levels); 



(10) one of four stream categories based on stream width: little = 

 5 m or less, small = 5.5 thru 15 m, medium = 15.5 thru 25 m, 

 large = over 25.5 m (stream categories were established after 

 sampling was completed and stream width/ capture success 

 data were examined); 



(11) maximum and minimum stream temperatures (°C) occurring 

 during each sampling period; 



(12) temperature change for a period, recorded as no change, 

 increase, or decrease; 



(13) change in water level for a sampling period, recorded to 

 nearest cm; 



(14) water rise or fall for a sampling period, recorded as no 

 change, rise, or fall; 



(15) turbidity measurements, taken with Secchi disc at beginning 

 and end of each sampling period, and recorded to nearest 

 cm; 



(16) predominant substrate type at each sampling site, listed as 

 bedrock, loose rocks, sand or gravel, clay or hard soil, or 

 muck and detritus (including leaf beds); 



