86 



Ray E. Ashton, Jr. 



Table 1 



Water chemistry at Study Sites No. 1 (adult study area) and No. 

 (juvenile study area), April-December 1979. 



Site No. 1 



Site No. 2 





Range (mg/1) 



X 



Range (mg/1) 



X 



cyanide 



0.000-0.002 



0.002 



0.000-0.002 



0.002 



detergents 



0.015-0.048 



0.027 



0.013-0.033 



0.025 



iron 



0.140-2.520 



1.100 



0.030-1.800 



0.977 



mercury* 



0.000-4.180 



1.073 



0.000-5.090 



2.175 



lead 



neg.-0.010 



0.002 



neg.-0.005 



0.002 



nitrogen 











ammonia 



0.300-0.900 



0.641 



0.380-1.450 



1.110 



nitrate 



0.300-2.580 



0.995 



0.000-2.100 



0.664 



nitrite 



0.002-0.050 



0.012 



0.000-0.013 



0.005 



phosphorus 











ortho 



0.040-0.320 



0.176 



0.090-0.330 



0.180 



inorganic 



0.010-1.070 



0.431 



0.090-0.340 



0.282 



sulfate 



0.000-11.000 



1.800 



0.000-14.400 



2.170 



sulfide 



0.000-0.012 



0.003 



0.000-0.049 



0.019 



tannin 



0.800-1.820 



1.400 



0.680-1.750 



1.270 



*0.002 mg/ 1 



is the usual maximum 



permitted in 



drinking water 





and microhabitat selection, the ranges of comparable data were too 

 broad to make statistically valid statements on their significance. 



Laboratory Studies 



Larvae and post-hatchlings. — Eight larvae (41-47 mm TL) col- 

 lected on 21 February 1979 were maintained in 10-gallon aquaria con- 

 taining 6 cm of aerated water and 2 to 3 cm of sand-gravel substrate. 

 Small stones (x=4 cm 2 ) were provided for cover. The larvae were fed 

 chopped red worms, chicken parts, and occasional aquatic invertebrates 

 and small ranid tadpoles. Growth was measured, and notes on color 

 changes and pattern were made, weekly. Observations were made on 

 feeding behavior, intra- and interspecific interactions, and shelter 

 manipulation. 



Adults. — Fourteen adult N. lewisi were maintained in the laboratory 

 for from one to three years. They were kept in 50- and 85-gallon aquaria 

 with 4 to 6 cm of gravel substrate and containing granite rocks (6-15 cm 

 diameter) for cover. Four sets of 80x80x4 mm double plastic plates were 

 used as artificial cover. The top plate was sprayed with black latex paint 

 to block light, while the bottom plate was clear. The black plate could 

 be removed with little friction to permit observation of animals. 



The study aquaria were maintained at 15° to 26° C (x=24°C) dur- 

 ing the first year. A temperature control unit used during the last two 



