107 



MacKenzie, Clyde L. , Jr. 



1970. 



Oyster culture in Long Island Sound, 1966-1969. 



Commer. Fish. Rev. 32(1): 27-40. 



Topics discussed include oyster culture practices/ problems, BCF 



(now NMFS) activity, practice-improving effects on yield, 

 seeding, eguipment and other factor-use, and some cost 

 information. Seed shortages were traced to lack of property 



(lease) rights on public beds and to improper seed bed 

 preparation on private (leased) beds. Predators must be removed, 

 and clean shell spread only when larvae abundance is high. 

 Cultural practices for growth from seed to market size include 

 predator and competitor removal, seed planting, annual thinning 

 and transplanting (3-4 times), and harvesting (4- to 5-year old 

 oysters, at which time costs are estimated at $2.50 per bushel, 

 including $1.25 for culling). Eguipment and improvements, causes 

 of oyster mortality, and remaining problems (i.e., as determined 

 in the BCF project, but reguiring further work to solve) are 

 discussed. 



Subject descriptors: 



Oysters; problems; biology; private grounds; government 

 assistance; costs. 



108 



Marsh, B. L. ; Morrison, A. W.; Costello, F. A. 



1972. 



Systems engineering of oyster production. 



Univ. Del., Mech. Aero. Eng . Dep., Sea Grant 2-35223, 21 pp. 



Results of systems engineering analysis are discussed in terms of 



cost reduction effects for a synthetic closed-environment oyster 



culture system originally designed by American Cyanamid (1968). 



Given certain assumptions (e.g., 15-year, 8% amortization; 



100,000-bushel annual output; 70 degrees F. water temperature), 



costs are itemized. Per bushel costs are estimated as: $64, 



without water recycling; $49, with 85% recycling; $22, with an 



optimized system and available technology; and as low as $13, 



with a modest research program, a cost said to be competitive 



with costs of cultured, natural environment oysters for the 



half-shell trade. Specified research projects are evaluated in 



terms of expected return (cost reduction multiplied by 



probability of project success) . 



Subject descriptors: 



Oysters; closed system culture; systems analysis; R&D role; 



costs. 



49 



