production practices, oyster ground control and rights (public 

 vs. private grounds), prices, problems, economic incentives, 

 industry organization, research, government involvement and 

 assistance, and the use or potential use of certain cultural 

 methods (e.g., hatcheries, raft culture, pond culture, selective 

 breeding, and closed -environment culture) . The factors 

 accounting for progressive development are high market demand, 

 legislation favorable to leasing of oyster grounds, willingness 

 and ability to invest in research, and maintenance of water 

 guality favorable to oyster culture. 

 Subject descriptors: 



Oysters; biology; R&D role markets; demand; legal barriers; 

 development; general description. 



112 



Matthiessen, G. C. ; Toner, R. C. 



1966. 



Possible methods of improving the shellfish industry of Martha's 



Vineyard, Duke's County, Massachusetts. 



Edgartown, Mass., Mar. Res. Found., 138 pp. (Obtain from NTIS, PB 



173 095.) 



While not the primary focus of this report, the last part of the 



report (pp. 110-131) includes recommendations, estimated capital 



and operating costs for an oyster hatchery, other cost 



information, computational and other assumptions, institutional 



and other constraints affecting the potential expansion of the 



Duke's County mollusk industry, and an effort to assess return on 



investment for an oyster hatchery. 



Subject descriptors: 



Mollusks; oysters; bay scallops; hard clams (guahog clams); soft 



shell clam; biology; hatcheries; biological feasibility; 



experiment; development rationale; institutions; constraints; 



method comparison; costs. 



113 



Menzel, Winston. 



1971. 



The mariculture potential of clam farming. 



Amer. Fish Farmer World Aguacult. News 2 (8) : 8-14. 



Quahog clam (genus Mercenaria) behavior, biology, suitability for 



culture, problems, experimental results and recommendations are 



discussed. While predators and labor costs, especially in the 



nursery or hatchery stage, pose problems, estimated gross revenue 



would seem to suggest as good a return as for other animal 



species being considered for culture, judging by preliminary 



experimental data. 



Subject descriptors: 



Clams; biology; experiment; outlook. 



51 



