208 



Goodwin, Harold L. 



1973. 



The aquaculture state of the art: comments on problems and 



progress . 



Presented at FISH EXPO, New Orleans, La., Nov. 26,1973, 15 pp. 



This paper explores the potential for aquacultural development. 



Overfishing for some natural fish stocks and underutilization of 



others is discussed in light of the protein shortage. 



Underutilized stocks include squid, dogfish shark, and blue 



mussels. Reasons for the shortage of protein are listed as well 



as reasons why aquaculture has not yet taken a strong foothold in 



the United States to alleviate a worsening of the shortage in the 



future. Some of them are: (1) slow technological advance and 



adaptation to aquaculture, (2) environmental problems, (3) lack 



of knowledge of economics and engineering of aquaculture, (4) 



ignorance of the biology of aquatic systems and inability to 



control diseases on a large scale. Species listed and analyzed 



as to their potential for U.S. mass culturization include shrimp, 



oysters, lobsters, scallops, mussels, finfish, salmon, prawns, 



and herbivores. Net culture and ocean ranching are also 



discussed. 



Subject descriptors: 



Development rationale; constraints; outlook; state of the art. 



2 09 



Griffin, Charles. 



1970. 



Loans for fish farmers and the types available. 



Amer. Fish Farmer 1(5): 18-20. 



Factors considered by the Lonoke County, Arkansas Production 



Credit Association (PCA) , in granting credit are discussed 



briefly, and a few comments on experiences with fish farmers are 



made. PCA's grant operating loans, with maturities of 1 year or 



less, and intermediate term loans, with maturities of up to 7 



years. The Lonoke County PCA has. an annual loan volume (amount 



of loans granted) of about $30 million, with 20% to 25% in 



fish-related business. Of those who began fish farming in the 



early 1950*s in the County, only 10% to 15% remain, but they have 



become successful and prosperous. Factors considered in granting 



credit are: (1) the man and his family, (2) financial position 



and progress, (3) repayment ability, (4) purpose of the loan, and 



(5) collateral. 



Subject descriptors: 



Financing; credit; prospectus factors. 



96 



