212 



Idyll, C. P. 

 1973. 



Marine aquaculture: problems and prospects. 

 J. Fish. Res. Board of Can. 30(12, part 2): 2178-2183. 

 Aquaculture is expected to supplement, but not displace fishing; 

 to have substantial, but inestimable potential output (say at 

 least 10 times its present world output of 5 million metric 

 tons) ; and to be unable to supply low-cost protein to solve 

 protein-deficiency problems in the foreseeable future. Confusion 

 has occurred among four kinds of culture, relating to hatcheries 

 that supplement natural stocks (few such efforts have been proven 

 beneficial) , use of wild stock young, use of eggs from wild-stock 

 parents, and use of cultured brood stocks. The relatively 

 unaided rate of aquacultural development could be expedited by 

 worldwide efforts to solve technical and engineering problems. 

 Yet, "there are other constraints, legal, economic, and social," 

 which are not tractable by research effort and they may be more 

 significant. Research in several areas is discussed as follows: 

 suitable species selection, nutrition and feeds, pathology, 

 behavior, engineering, adverse effects of pollution, beneficial 

 use of thermal and sewage effluents, legal constraints, economics 

 (e.g., feasibility and cost "bottleneck" evaluations), and social 

 constraints (e.g., attitudes toward use of relatively expensive 

 shoreline property) . 

 Subject descriptors: 



Research; biology; benefits; constraints; problems; methods; 

 outlook. 



213 



Insull, A. D.; Richardson, I. D. 

 1971. 



Economic assessment of marine fish farming development projects. 

 Economic aspects of fish production. International Symposium on 

 Fisheries Econ., Paris, Nov. 29 to Dec. 3, 1971, O.E.C.B., pp. 

 319-326. 



This paper highlights some of the problems and considerations in 

 appraising investment in marine fish farming. The demand for 

 cultured marine fish can be identified only in terms of presently 

 preferred species, thereby limiting information on the eventual 

 size of the market or its species composition. Such factors as 

 population size, increasing real incomes, price of product and 

 availability of competing protein foodstuffs, and the effect of 

 marketing techniques are discussed as determinants of demand. 

 Some techniques which have made mass rearing of mollusk seed in 

 London, England, possible are touched upon as are the feasibility 

 trials of culturing plaice and sole in a Scottish loch enclosure. 

 Among the conclusions reached are (1) that R&D on the culture of 

 a mixture of species is needed to further expand the use of 

 economic appraisal, (2) that R&D is needed before any economic 

 analysis or appraisals of fish farming can be attempted, (3) that 

 the amount of R&D resources reguired to reach objectives of 

 development must be commensurate with possible returns and 



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