thesis, University of Miami, 1965. Disserta- 

 tion Abstracts, vol. 28, No. 1, p. 74B. 

 The visual pigments from C. sapidus and six 

 other decapods were characterized by direct 

 spectroscopy, difference spectra, partial 

 bleaching studies, and chemical identifica- 

 tion of the chromophore. The eyes of 

 marine (blue crab) and terrestrial forms 

 yielded one visual pigment, whereas fresh- 

 water forms had two. For each species, 

 spectral properties were compared with 

 qualities of the light of the habitat. 



Fiedler, R. H. 



1930. Solving the question of crab migrations. 



Fishing Gazette, vol. 47, No. 6, p. 18-21. 

 Recapture of blue crabs tagged in Virginia 

 and Maryland portions of Chesapeake Bay 

 demonstrated that the stock of crabs in the 

 waters of the two states are inter- 

 dependent. Review of the history of the 

 fishery, declines in catch, and crab life 

 history. 



Fingerman, Milton. 



1955a. Rhythms of color change in the blue 

 crab, Callinectes sapidus. Anatomical Record, 

 vol. 122, p. 457. Abstract only. 



See Fingerman (1955b) for summary of 

 content. 

 1955b. Persistent daily and tidal rhythms of 

 color change in Callinectes sapidus. Biological 

 Bulletin (Woods Hole), vol. 109, No. 2, p. 

 255-264. 



The pigment of the blue crab in the Gulf of 

 Mexico (one high and low tide per day 

 instead of two) displays an endogenous 

 diurnal rhythm with a frequency of 24 

 hours. A 12.4 hour period of color change is 

 superimposed upon the diurnal one; maxi- 

 mum darkening is correlated with both 

 high and low tides. The crab also exhibits a 

 semilunar rhythm. 

 1956. Physiology of the black and red chro- 

 matophores of Callinectes sapidus. Journal of 

 Experimental Zoology, vol. 133, No. 1, p. 

 87-106. 



Dispersion of the chromatophores is 

 determined by an albedo (background) 

 response and daily rhythm. Total illumina- 

 tion and temperature are of secondary 

 importance. Eyestalks and central nervous 



system organs secrete black-pigment- 

 dispersing and red-pigment-concentrating 

 hormones. 

 1957. Relation between position of burrows 

 and tidal rhythm of Uca. Biological Bulletin 

 (Woods Hole), vol. 112, No. 1, p. 7-20. 



Although this work deals with Uca, the 

 similarity of rhythms of color change to 

 those of C. sapidus is discussed. Tidal 

 rhythmicity in blue crabs operates on the 

 basis of tides 12.4 hours apart even when 

 the crabs are collected in a region where 

 successive low tides are 24.8 hours apart. 



Fingerman, Milton, R. Nagabhushanam, and 

 Loralee Philpott. 



1961. Physiology of the melanophores in the 

 crab Sesarma reticulatum. Biological Bulletin 

 (Woods Hole), vol. 120, No. 3, p. 337-347. 

 Rhythms of color change in Sesarma reticu- 

 latum are compared to those of C. sapidus. 



Finucane, John H. 



1969. Antimycin as a toxicant in a marine 

 habitat. Transactions of the American Fish- 

 eries Society, vol. 98, No. 2, p. 288-292. 

 A marine impoundment in Tampa Bay, 

 Fla., was treated with Antimycin A (7 

 p.p.b.), and effects on fish and inverte- 

 brates were observed. Fish of 30 species 

 were killed, but of the invertebrates 

 (including clams, oysters, shrimp, and 

 crabs) only the blue crab appeared to be 

 affected by the toxicant. 



Fischler, Kenneth J. 



1959. Occurrence of extremely small 

 ovigerous crabs (Callinectes sp.) in coastal 

 North Carolina. Ecology, vol. 40, No. 4, p. 

 720. 



Two ovigerous female crabs, believed to be 

 C. sapidus, measured 23.3 and 24.1 mm. in 

 carapace length. 

 1963. Blue crab abundance in the Neuse River 

 of North Carolina, 1958. M.S. thesis, Uni- 

 versity of Washington, 82 p. 



Three methods gave similar estimates of the 

 blue crab population in Neuse River, N. C. 

 Of the 2.1 million pounds of crab esti- 

 mated as being available to the fishery in 

 1958, 1.7 million pounds were caught. Also 

 presented is the life history of Neuse River 



26 



