eggs in vitro. Limnology and Oceanography, 



vol. 5, No. 2, p. 212-215. 



The blue crab was one of six species 

 successfully hatched by detaching the eggs 

 from the female, placing them in compart- 

 mented boxes, and maintaining them on an 

 Eberbach variable speed shaker at constant 

 temperatures at different salinities. 



1964. An approach to the ecology of marine 

 invertebrate larvae. Proceedings of Sympo- 

 sium on Experimental Marine Ecology. Uni- 

 versity of Rhode Island, Occasional 

 Publication No. 2, p. 69-75. 



The blue crab was one of four species used 

 as examples of how salinity and tempera- 

 ture can vary in their effect on larval 

 development. Zoeal development did not 

 occur below 20.1 p.p.t. but experiments 

 indicated that the megalops can complete 

 metamorphosis to the first crab in salinities 

 as low as 5 p.p.t. 



1965. The effect of environmental factors on 

 larval development of crabs, p. 77-86. In 

 Clarence M. Tarzwell [ed.] Biological 

 problems in Water Pollution, 3rd Seminar. 

 U.S. Public Health Service, Publication No. 

 999-WP-25. 



The blue crab was one of five species 

 studied to determine how salinity and 

 temperature affect larval development. 

 Blue crab larvae hatched at salinity of 20.1 

 p.p.t. but not at 15.0 p.p.t. Complete larval 

 development occurred only at 25° C. in 

 20.1, 26.7, and 31.1 p.p.t. 

 1969. Temperature and meroplankton. Chesa- 

 peake Science, vol. 10, No. 3-4, p. 253-255. 

 Combined effect of salinity and tempera- 

 ture on the time required for meta- 

 morphosis of blue crab megalops. 



Costlow, John D., Jr., George H. Rees, and C. G. 

 Bookhout. 



1959. Preliminary note on the complete larval 



development of Callinectes sapidus Rathbun 



under laboratory conditions. Limnology and 



Oceanography, vol. 4, No. 2, p. 222-223. 



Larval development in the laboratory 



showed seven zoeal stages over 30 to 39 



days and a megalops stage which persisted 



from 6 to 11 days before molting into the 



first crab stage. 



Costlow, John D., Jr., and A. N. Sastry. 



1966. Free amino acids in developing stages 

 of two crabs, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun and 

 Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould). Acta 

 Embryologiae et Morphologiae Experi- 

 mentalis, vol. 9, p. 45-55. 



Glycine, lysine, and asparitic acid were 

 common in all larval stages of blue crabs. 

 The relative concentration of free amino 

 acids was highest in the eggs and their 

 number decreased after the second zoeal 

 stage. There was little variation in amino 

 acid composition in crabs at different 

 environments. 



Cottam, Clarence, and Elmer Higgins. 



1946. DDT: its effect on fish and wildlife. 



U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Circular No. 



11, 14 p. 



Edible crabs died (as many as 150 over one 

 200-yard stretch) at Island Beach, N.J., after 

 a DDT spray (0.5 pound per acre) for 

 mosquito control. Initial blue crab mor- 

 tality also was high at Wallops Island, Va., 

 after an area was sprayed with 0.8 pound 

 of DDT per acre. 



Couch, John A. 



1966. Two peritrichous ciliates from the gills 

 of the blue crab. Chesapeake Science, vol. 7, 

 No. 3, p. 171-173. 



Peritrichous ciliates of Lagenophrys and 

 Epistylis were found on the gill lamellae of 

 blue crabs from Chincoteague and Chesa- 

 peake Bays. Many occurred on gills of 

 moribund crabs in holding tanks, but it was 

 uncertain if they contributed to mortality. 



1967. A new species of Lagenophrys 

 (Ciliatea: Peritrichida: Lagenophryidae) from 

 a marine crab, Callinectes sapidus. Trans- 

 actions of the American Microscopical Soci- 

 ety, vol. 86, No. 2, p. 204-211. 



Described from the gills of blue crabs from 

 Maryland to South Carolina. Aspects of its 

 host-commensal relationship are reported. 



Couch, John N. 



1942. A new fungus on crab eggs. Journal of 

 the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, vol. 58, 

 No. 2, p. 158-162. 



The method of infection and the life 

 history of a new species of fungus, 



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