Dredging for hibernating crabs (crab acti- 

 vity almost ceases when water cools to 5° 

 C.) as one phase of predicting crab harvests. 

 Crabs preferred bottoms of mud or oyster 

 shells and water 10 to 20 feet deep. None 

 were found below 50 feet. 

 1960b. Chesapeake Bay blue crabs scarce in 

 1959/60 winter. Commercial Fisheries Review, 

 vol. 22, No. 2, p. 32. 



Size of dredge fishery for blue crabs. 

 Virginia biologists prediction of a near 

 record low harvest based on a small brood 

 the previous year. Winter hibernating crabs 

 bedded down among millions of blue mus- 

 sels which attached themselves to the crabs. 

 1960c. Chesapeake Bay shortage ended. Com- 

 mercial Fisheries Review, vol. 22, No. 9, p. 

 19. 



Predictions of blue crab catches in Chesa- 

 peake Bay a year in the future based on the 

 number of small crabs caught with an 

 experimental trawl and from reports of 

 commercial catch of hard and peeler crabs. 



1962. New crab-picking machine invented. 

 Commercial Fisheries Review, vol. 24, No. 9, 

 p. 19. 



Describes and illustrates a power-driven 

 crab-picking portable machine invented in 

 North Carolina. Believed to be the first of 

 its kind to use a dry process. The crab first 

 must be debacked and sectioned into cup- 

 cake sized portions. 



1963. Experiments on microwave pasteuri- 

 zation of crab meat promising. Commercial 

 Fisheries Review, vol. 25, No. 9, p. 33. 



Account of experiments at (U.S.) Tech- 

 nological Laboratory, Gloucester, Mass., on 

 pasteurizing blue crab meat with high 

 frequency microwaves. Crab meat was 

 heated to a proper internal temperature in 

 2 minutes in comparison to the 75 minutes 

 required in a hot-water bath. 

 1965 a. Semiautomatic cleaner-debacker 

 machine. Commercial Fisheries Review, vol. 

 27, No. 5, p. 12-13. 



Successful in-plant trials of a machine 

 (illustrated) that cleans and debacks whole 

 cooked blue crabs. 

 1965b. Plastic container approved by Mary- 

 land. Commercial Fisheries Review, vol. 27, 

 No. 10, p. 31. 



Provided crab meat protection equal to the 



metal cans in use. Tests at Crisfield, Md., 



showed that for storage of meat longer 



than 4 months, plastic was superior. 



1965c. Cleaner-debacker machine to be tested 



under commercial conditions. Commercial 



Fisheries Review, vol. 27, No. 12, p. 27. 



Machine built by an Alexandria, Va., firm 

 (contract with the Bureau of Commercial 

 Fisheries) was to be tested by industry. The 

 machine eliminates several steps of hand 

 operation and research is underway to 

 develop other attachments to automate 

 further the cleaning process. 



1967. Investigates blue crab mortalities. Com- 

 mercial Fisheries Review, vol. 29, No. 7, p. 

 30. 



Heavy blue crab mortality from Charleston, 

 S.C., to Sapelo Island, Ga. Biologists 

 investigating to determine cause. Mortality 

 the previous year is attributed to bacterial 

 infection of the gills. 



1968. Crab industry warned of economic 

 ruin. Commercial Fisheries Review, vol. 30, 

 No. l,p. 13-14. 



Based on report by G. Robert Lunz, Bears 

 Bluff Laboratory, on the decline of crab 

 production in South Carolina (almost 25 

 percent decline each year, 1964-67). Con- 

 tributing factors in the decline were two 

 large crab kills of unknown cause, possibly 

 pollution, changes in marshes, pesticides, 

 and adverse weather. 



Conant, F. S., and H. L. Clark. 



1896. On the accelerator and inhibitory 

 nerves to the crab's heart. Journal of Experi- 

 mental Medicine, vol. 1, No. 2, p. 341-347. 

 Anatomical description of the regulatory 

 nerves of the heart of Callinectes, 



Conn, H. W. 



1883. An instance of sexual color variation in 

 Crustacea. Johns Hopkins University Circu- 

 lars, vol. 3, No. 27, p. 5. 



Color variation in the claws of male and 



female blue crabs. 

 1884a. Evidence of a protozoea stage in crab 

 development. Annals and Magazine of Natural 

 History, London, vol. 5, No. 13, p. 152. Also 

 in: Johns Hopkins University Circulars, vol. 3, 

 No. 28, p. 41. 



Comparative studies on the larval cuticle of 



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