1967. Ultrastructural studies on crustacean 

 spermatozoa and fertilization. Ph. D. thesis, 

 University of Miami, 1966. Dissertation Ab- 

 stracts, vol. 28, No. 3, p. 1262B-1263B. 



Functional and morphological aspects of C. 

 sapidus sperm were examined by cy to- 

 chemical methods and by light and electron 

 microscopy. The spermatozoa of 13 species 

 representing the crustacean subclasses were 

 compared. Sperm morphology was consid- 

 ered useful for study of crustacean 

 phylogeny. 



Bullock, Theodore Holmes, and G. Adrian Hor- 

 ridge [ed.] . 



1965. Structure and function in the nervous 

 systems of invertebrates, vol. 1, p. 1-798; vol. 

 2, p. 799-1719. W. H. Freeman and Company, 

 San Francisco. 



References to the genus Callinectes: 

 neuroglia (p. 103), neurosecretion (p. 381, 

 384), cardiac nerves (p. 988), and death 

 feigning (p. 1132). 



Burkenroad, Martin D. 



1946. Fluctuations in abundance of marine 

 animals. Science, vol. 103, No. 2684, p. 

 684-686. 



Deals primarily with the starfish but also 

 discusses regular patterns of natural fluctu- 

 ation in populations of crabs and other 

 species. Surveys suggest that fluctuations of 

 blue crabs in Chesapeake Bay have 

 occurred throughout the history of the 

 fishery and that drastic declines in produc- 

 tion may not be due to over exploitation. 



Burnett, Frances L., and Dorothy E. Snyder. 

 1954. Blue crab as starvation food of oiled 

 American eiders. Auk, vol. 71, No. 3, p. 

 315-316. 



Each of two eiders, among 380 killed by oil 

 released at Chatham, Mass., had a blue crab 

 stuck in its esophagus. Most of the dead 

 birds had empty gizzards and had used up 

 their fat supplies. 



Burton, R. F. 



1967. Ionic balance in the Crustacea. Nature 

 (London), vol. 213, No. 5078, p. 812-813. 

 The author correlated the concentrations 

 of sodium, potassium, and magnesium in 



the haemolymph of the blue crab and 30 

 other marine, terrestrial, or fresh water 

 species of Malacostraca to determine any 

 conditions of optimum ionic balance that 

 did not vary between species. 



Busta, F. F., Joyce B. Moore, F. B. Thomas, and 

 W. A. B. Thomson. 



1965. Preliminary observations on the bacteri- 

 ological quality of fresh N. C. crab meat. 

 North Carolina Department of Conservation 

 and Development, Division of Commercial 

 Fisheries, Special Scientific Report No. 6, 8 p. 

 Studies to select suitable methods for the 

 bacteriological analyses of crab meat 

 products and to determine the levels of 

 bacterial populations in the fresh product 

 immediately after processing and during 

 refrigeration. 



Butler, Philip A. 



1954. Summary of our knowledge of the 

 oyster in the Gulf of Mexico, p. 479-489. In 

 Paul S. Galtsoff [coordinator] Gulf of 

 Mexico, its origin, waters, and marine life. 

 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fishery Bulle- 

 tin, vol. 55, No. 89. 



The blue crab was a common inhabitant of 

 the oyster reef and often was observed 

 cracking open the new growth on oyster 

 shells and eating the meats. 



1962. Effects on commercial fisheries, p. 

 20-24. In Effects of pesticides on fish and 

 wildlife: A review of investigations during 

 1960. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Circular 

 No. 143. 



Toxicity of insecticides to crabs causes loss 

 of equilibrium. Experiments indicate that 

 crabs may be paralyzed for weeks before 

 they die. Blue crabs show a differential 

 susceptibility to many control agents. 



1963. Commercial fisheries investigations, p. 

 11-25. In Pesticide-wildlife studies: A review 

 of Fish and Wildlife Service investigations 

 during 1961 and 1962. U.S. Fish and Wildlife 

 Service, Circular No. 167. 



Bioassays to determine the relative toxi- 

 cities of pesticides to juvenile blue crabs 

 and other species. The concentrations that 

 caused death or loss of equilibrium to 50 

 percent of the test population in 24 to 48 

 hours are given for 24 pesticides. 



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