demonstrated good hyperregulatory ability, 

 were nearly homoiosmotic at medium 

 salinities, and approached isoosmoticity at 

 high salinities. Males had lower concentra- 

 tions than females at salinities less than 20 

 p.p.t. Seasonal effect. Factors that might 

 affect crab distribution patterns are dis- 

 cussed. 



during the molt cycle. Physiological Zoology, 



vol. 1, No. 4, p. 545-549. 



Blue crab one of two species studied. 

 Osmotic pressures, glycogen and sugar con- 

 tents were reported for hard crab and crab 

 approaching molt, a few hours before 

 molting, during molting, and in soft condi- 

 tion. 



Ballard, Buena S., and Walter Abbott. 



1969. Osmotic accommodation in Callinectes 

 sapidus Rathbun. Comparative Biochemistry 

 and Physiology, vol. 29, No. 2, p. 671-687. 



See Ballard (1968) for summary of 



content. 



Barnes, E. W. 



1904. Preliminary inquiry into the natural 

 history of the paddler crab (Callinectes 

 hastatus), with remarks on the soft-shell crab 

 industry in Rhode Island. Rhode Island Com- 

 missioners of Inland Fisheries, 34th Annual 

 Report, p. 69-73. 



Life history, growth, effect of temperature 

 on growth, migrations, and the soft-shell 

 crab fishery and industry in Rhode Island. 



Baughman, J. L. 



1949. Crab investigations reveal commercial 

 facts, sex division. Seafood Business, vol. 1, 

 No. 7, p. 36. 



Seasonal distribution, abundance, and sex 

 ratio of blue crabs in various bays of the 

 Gulf coast of Texas. Nine percent of 

 females with sponge were infected with a 

 sacculinid parasite. 



1950. Potentialities of the Gulf of Mexico 

 fisheries and recommendations for their 

 realization. Proceedings of the Gulf and Carib- 

 bean Fisheries Institute, 2nd Session, 1949, p. 

 118-126. 



The fishery for blue crabs, the fourth 

 largest on the Gulf coast, could be 

 increased materially. Texas processes few 

 of its many crabs. Need for research on 

 ecology and location of populations to 

 expand this fishery. 



Baumberger, J. Percy, and D. B. Dill. 



1928. A study of the glycogen and sugar 

 content and the osmotic pressure of crabs 



Bearden, Charles M. 



1967. Field tests concerning the effects of 

 "Dibrom 14 Concentrate" (Naled) on estuar- 

 ine animals. Bears Bluff Laboratories, Wadma- 

 law Island, S.C., Contribution No. 45, 14 p. 

 No significant mortalities of caged blue 

 crabs, shrimp, and fish were observed dur- 

 ing 14 days after aerial application of 2 

 ounces per acre Dibrom 14. 



Beaven, G. F. 



1956. Crabs eat sea squirts or Molgula. Mary- 

 land Tidewater News, vol. 13, No. 3, p. 3. 

 Confined blue crabs ate hundreds of squirts 

 (and barnacles) in preference to oysters. 



Beaven, G. F., C. K. Rawls, and G. E. Beckett. 

 1962. Field observations upon estuarine 

 exposed to 2, 4-D. Proceedings of the 16th 

 North East Weed Control Conference, p. 

 449-458. 



Concentration of 2, 4-D butoxy ethanol 

 ester for the control of Myriophyllum in 

 tidal water did not affect (up to 5 weeks 

 after treatment) the percentage mortality 

 of blue crabs, soft-shell clams, and oysters. 

 It was lethal where decomposing mats of 

 Myriophyllum caused an anaerobic condi- 

 tion. 



Beaven, G. F., and R. V. Truitt. 



1939. Crab mortality on Chesapeake Bay 

 shedding floats. Chesapeake Biological Lab- 

 oratory, Solomons, Md., Contribution No. 33, 

 14 p. 



Death rate ranges from 10 to 75 percent. 

 Describes the molting process and the 

 soft-crab industry. Peeler groups, by degree 

 of instar maturity, were held to determine 

 loss. The effects of breaking the claws, 

 sunshine, and temperature were studied. 

 The main cause of high mortality of shed- 



