168 
FOREST AND STREAM 
A WEEKLY JOURNAL, 
Devoted to Field and Aquatic Sports, Practical Natural History, 
risH Culture, the Protection op Game.Preservation of Forests, 
and the Inculcation in Men and Women of a healthy interest 
in Out door Recreation and Study : 
PUBLISHED BY 
Rarest md ^tremg publishing (fjyomgHipj, 
-AT- 
17 CHATHAM STREET, (CITY HALL SQUARE) NEW YORE, 
and 125 SOUTH THIRD STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 
Terms, Five Dollars a Year, Strictly in Advance. 
A discount of twenty per cent, for five copies and upwards. Any person 
sending us two subscriptions and Ten Dollars will receive a copy of 
Hallock’s “Fishing Tourist,” postage free. 
Advertising Kates. 
In regular advertising columns, nonpareil type, 121ines to the inch, 25 
cents per line. Advertisements on outside page, 40 cents per line. Reading 
notices, 50 cents per line. Advertisements in double column 25 per cent, 
extra. Where advertisements are inserted over 1 month, a discount oi 
10 per cent, will be made; over three months, 20 per cent; over six 
months, 30 per cent. 
NEW YORK, THURSDAY, APRIL 23, 1874. 
To Correspondents. 
All communications whatever, whether relating to business or literary 
correspondence, must be addressed to The Forest and Stream Pub¬ 
lishing Company. Personal or private letters of course excepted. 
All communications intended for publication must be accompanied with 
real name, as a guaranty of good faith. Names will not be published if 
objection be made. No anonymous contributions will be regarded. 
Articles relating to any topic within the scope of this paper are solicited. 
We cannot promise to return rejected manuscripts. 
Secretaries of Clubs and Associations are urged to favor us with brief 
notes of their movements and tr. reactions, as it is the aim of this paper 
tojiecome a medium of useful aim tellable information between gentle¬ 
men sportsmen from one end of the country to the other ; and they will 
find our columns a desirable medium for advertising announcements. 
The Publishers of Forest and Stream aim to merit and secure the 
patronage and countenance of that portion of the community whose re¬ 
fined intelligence enables them to properly appreciate and enjoy all that 
is beautiful in Nature. It will pander to no depraved tastes, nor pervert 
the legitimate sports of land and water to those base uses which always 
tend to make them unpopular with the virtuous and good. No advertise¬ 
ment or business notice of an immoral character will be received on any 
terms ; and nothing will be admitted to any department o the paper that 
may not be read with propriety in the home circle. 
We cannot be responsible for the dereliction of the mail service, if 
money remitted to us is lost. 
Advertisements should be sent in by Saturday of each week, if possible. 
CHARLES HALLOCK, Managing Editor. 
WILLIAM C. HARRIS, Business Manager. 
A REMOVAL! 
I N journalistic life, as in almost everything else, one is 
sometimes startled at the rapid changes which take 
place. The Forest and Stream, now scarcely nine months 
old, when it occupied its first locality, No. 103 Fulton 
street, believed that at least for the first two or three years 
of its existence its original modest habitat would amply 
suffice its wants. But business grew on apace, and came 
so fast that in a few months we were absolutely crowded 
out of our original quarters. If we had not been of an ex¬ 
ceedingly sturdy growth we might have succumbed to some 
of the many difficulties which opposed us in our early 
months. We have to say months and not years. First, 
we had almost at our incipiency to breast a raging panic. 
Papers and men and things pretty generally were demol¬ 
ished by it in a most promiscuous way. Next, the Forest 
and Stream got on fire, and was considerably singed. 
Lastly, this time of its own free will and volition, it has 
had its moving. Perils of panic, flood, and fire were but 
mere child’s play when compared with this calamity. 
We are perfectly willing to believe how Aladdin, with his 
wonderful lamp, was able to raise up a splendid palace, 
perfectly appointed, in a single night, but we defy all the 
magicians in the world, aided by the cleverest of genii, to 
remove a printing or publication office of even a cross road 
newspaper in a month without getting things dreadfully 
mixed. Thanks, however, to a good deal of system and 
able management, we have pulled through chaos in quite a 
commendable way, and are fresh again for another race. 
In our short span of life we have then certainly had a 
liberal share of newspaper troubles. To recapitulate, we 
have had a panic, a fire, and a removal; per contra , we have 
rediscovered a lake (at least our correspondent, Beverley, 
has done it for us), we have built up a newspaper, and feel 
very sure we have secured a host of kind friends. We are 
glad to offer a welcome to any of our readers in our new 
office, No. 17 Chatham street, where, in amply spacious 
quarters, our business will be conducted. Should the 
Brooklyn bridge not move us, an eventuality just now quite 
problematical, we trust to issue the Forest and Stream 
from its present office from to-day for many a long year to 
come. 
_The fish farm of Mr. Alex. Kent, near Green Spring 
station, on tlie Western Maryland Railroad, about ten miles 
from Baltimore, is said to be the only one in Maryland* 
OUR FLORIDA EXPEDITION. 
L AST November, when we announced our preparations 
for a thorough exploration of the hitherto impenetra¬ 
ble wilds of Florida, and pledged ourselves to bring to 
light, if the thing were possible, all the secrets of the 
Everglades and the mysterious Okeechobee region, we 
hardly anticipated the full measure of success that has re¬ 
warded our efforts. The gentleman who took charge of 
the expedition possessed all those qualifications indispens¬ 
able to the accomplishment of its objects which are so 
rarely found in combination, viz., physical toughness and 
endurance, pluck, push, dogged perseverance, a thorough 
knowledge of woodcraft in general and of so much of this 
portion of Florida as he had acquired by previous visits, 
skill with the canoe, the rod, and the rifle, and an intelli¬ 
gent acquaintance with drawing, photography, and natural 
history. To this valuable stock in trade he added an outfit 
complete in all its requirements of boats, implements, 
guides, photographic instruments, etc., and the result has 
been that, while several other parties have attempted the 
same object, h^s was the only one that went through to the 
ultima thule. Only those that have surveyed the several 
routes across the Isthmus of Darien, or explored the inte¬ 
rior of Africa, can appreciate the difficulties of this semi- 
tropical jungle—more harassing than the deserts of Arizona 
or the canon-rifted fastnesses of Colorado, and, with the 
single exception of hostile Indians, far more dangerous. 
Indians there were, too, in that region, and reported hos¬ 
tile, but fortunately they were not malicious; the actual 
danger was in swamp fevers, and the countless moccasins 
and other poisonous snakes that infested almost every yard 
of the route, to say nothing of panthers and the not always 
harmless alligators. 
It may well he inferred that the investigations of our en¬ 
voy correspondent have been looked for with eager interest 
by scientific men, and that his collections will occupy 
prominent place in the cabinets of natural history for 
which they were procured. We regard the results of this 
exhibition as of no trifling value. Certainly they were not 
secured without considerable expense, as well as hardship. 
Some outline of his journey and his discoveries has been 
printed in preceding numbers of Forest and Stream; and 
these letters, together with those that have been furnished 
by other correspondents within the past six months, em¬ 
brace nearly every part of the wilderness of Florida acces¬ 
sible or interesting to the tourist or sportsman, both on the 
coast and in the interior. Last week we published a map 
of the long sought and much misrepresented Okeechobee 
Lake, the first ever produced of this largest sheet of water 
in the south. Its authenticity and accuracy may be relied 
upon. Its vicinity is uninhabited and uninhabitable by man, 
although the Indians sought refuge and safe concealment 
here during the long Seminole war. Nothing of absolute 
value or special interest seems to be found there, except 
the India rubber tree, which grows in considerable quan¬ 
tity. To-day we print a list of the birds peculiar to that 
section of Florida, a list of much value to naturalists. Of 
course much general information remains to be supplied 
from the repertoire of our correspondent, all of which we 
shall print in due time. The photographs and sketches 
which he has taken will be much prized, and will undoubt¬ 
edly be published in some form not yet fully decided upon 
by our correspondent and the editors of this journal. 
Now that all occasion lias ceased for keeping secret the 
name of our persevering explorer, it is no more than jus¬ 
tice to him to make it public, that the honor of his discov¬ 
eries may rest where they belong. To the regents of the 
Smithsonian Institution, the Naturalists’ Institute of Salem, 
and other scientific associations, the name of Fred A. 
Ober, of Beverley, Massachusetts, alias “Fred. Beverley,” 
is not unknown, and we trust that the evidences that he 
has given the past winter of his capacity and skill in the 
broad field of natural history will not only commend him 
still more to their favorable consideration, but assist his 
rapid advancement. 
-- 
EXPLORATIONS WEST OF THE lOOtli 
MERIDIAN. 
D URING the past winter the office work of Lieutenant 
Wheeler’s important survey has been vigorously pros¬ 
ecuted in elaboration of the results of the operations in the 
field during 1873. Very extensive areas were covered in 
Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona, where com¬ 
plete astronomical and topographical investigations were 
carried out looking to the preparation of far more perfect 
maps of the region than have hitherto been attempted; 
whiie in other scientific departments research was no less 
thorough and successful. That which will interest our 
own readers more particularly w r as the energy and activity 
displayed in natural history by the able zoologists and bot¬ 
anists of the survey. Large suites of specimens were se¬ 
cured and beautifully prepared. Mr. H. W. Henshaw’s 
work on the ornithology of the region represents one of 
the most extensive and valuable series of specimens ever 
brought out of the west. The literary work in elaboration 
of the collections will be done by Dr. II. G. Yarrow and 
Mr. Henshaw—in which fact we have assurance that it 
will be well done—in connection with several eminent spe¬ 
cialists in the departments of entomology, etc. Much in¬ 
teresting ethnological material was secured in the way of 
skulls, implements, dress and furniture of the aborigines. 
The field work of the coming season promises still more 
important results under the direction of Dr. Yarrow, sur¬ 
geon and naturalist-in-charge, whose admirable organizing 
and executive ability will be devoted to the best interest - 
science, of which he is so well known and success/i^ 
cultivator. Volumes showing progress and results to d 3 
are already prepared, and under the present manasren/^ 
others will be required to fully develop the interesting ^ 
ject. We trust that this matter, which meets withth 
most cordial approbation and support of scientific m 6 
and all others whose learning entitles them to the nriv'i n> 
of passing judgment, will be prosecuted under liberal? 6 
propriations of an enlightened Congress. 
THE MICHIGAN GRAYLING 
y —*— 
F ROM the wilds of the northern portion of the southern 
peninsula of Michigan there had come for many yea/ 
vague rumors of a strange and beautiful game fish known 
to the simple backwoodsmen by various names, such as the 
Au Sable, Muskegon, Hersey, and Michigan trout, the jack 
salmon, bog salmon, bog trout, and big scaled trout, and 
these several names that attach to it, according to the re 
spective localities in which it is found, indicate that these 
observing men have classed it correctly as one of the Sal 
monidae, although they bad no means of ascertaining the 
specific name by which it has been known in parts of 
Europe. Now, however, that its true name has been dis¬ 
covered, those who have known it so long by all sorts of 
titles seem glad to accept it, and to learn that their favorite 
has a world-wide reputation—that its merits are recognized 
and acknowledged by men who have never yet seen it- for 
they have actually changed the name of the post office in 
Crawford county, which was formerly called Crawford to 
Grayling! Although the railroad company have not yet 
seen fit to accept the change, they will doubtless yield to 
the pressure of popular opinion and rechristen the young 
town after this popular fish. If other towns regret the 
precedence taken »of them, they may find a name equally 
appropriate in the generic term Thymallus. “Thymallus” 
is a good name, and sounds well. As Shakspeare says:— 
“It fills the mouth;” and we trust that it may in the coniine- 
months fill the baskets of many an ardent angler. 
It is a singular fact that a fish so beautiful, edible, and 
gamey should have remained so long unknown to our natu¬ 
ralists and anglers. If our memory serves us, it was first 
described by Professor Cope, of Philadelphia, in 1870, 
under the name of Thymallus tricolor , and Professor Agas¬ 
siz, in a note dated February, 1873, says that Professor 
Cope was the only American naturalist thus far that had 
seen this fish. This statement appeared in a note printed 
in the New York Times acknowledging the receipt of a 
pair of these grayling, male and female, which with others 
had been procured with much difficulty in the January 
previous for the editor of this paper, the Forest and 
Stream, at the editor’s request, and forwarded to him by 
D. H. Fitzhugh, Jr., of Bay City, Michigan. They were 
speared by Indians through the ice in Hersey Creek, and 
sent to the rooms of the “Blooming Grove Park Associa¬ 
tion,” of which the editor was then secretary, and after 
having been examined by anglers and experts, both English 
and American, the greater part were served up at Suther¬ 
land’s restaurant in this city, at a dinner partaken of by a 
dozen gentlemen who were curious to test its flavor and 
edible qualities. They were eaten baked, boiled, and fried, 
and pronounced better than salmon and of a more delicate 
flavor than trout. When uncooked the flesh appears almost 
white, hut on the dinner table is of a pale salmon hue. 
From the fish that were served up at this dinner the spawn 
had first been carefully removed, and was subjected to mi¬ 
croscopic examination. From the size of the eggs, the 
majority of the party judged that they were near maturity 
(this was about the 25th of January), and that this fish 
spawned in February; but the writer of these lines ob¬ 
served that the mass of eggs was extremely glutinous, and 
insisted that the grayling was an April spawner, and had 
so stated in his book, the “ Fishing Tourist which was then 
in the hands of the printer, and which contained the first 
minute description of this fish and its haunts, habitat, and 
mode of capture ever published. He was so far compelled, 
however, to modify his opinion by the opposing weight of 
wisdom that he altered )iis statement in the proof sheets, 
so that it now reads as printed, page 207, “It begins to 
spawn in February, and continues throughout the months 
of March and April.” As will be seen by the letter of Mr. 
Mather, printed elsewhere, it has been determined that the 
grayling spawns about the %0th of April. We do not speak 
of this to appear wise above our fellows, hut to show that, 
being a spring spawner, the grayling, as Seth Green, Esq., 
has very truly said, is a most welcome addition to our list 
of game fish; and anglers ought not only to feel congratu¬ 
lated, hut acknowledge the debt of obligation which they 
owe to the discoverer, whoever he may be. 
D. H. Fitzhugh, Esq., to whom we have alluded, very 
modestly disclaims being the discoverer of this fish, which, 
if he is not, he certainly is entitled to the credit of intro¬ 
ducing it to the attention of sportsmen and naturalists, and 
pressing it upon their notice until its identity was estab¬ 
lished beyond question or cavil. He has also urged upon 
the legislature of Michigan, at considerable expense of 
time, at least, its protection during the spawning season, 
and his name has always been associated with it. More 
than this, he has endeavored during the past year to enlist 
the sympathy ^fish cnlturists in respect to this noble fish, 
appealing first to the commissioners of Michigan, and then 
to those of other States; and failing with these, from one 
cause or another, he next tried private persons engaged in 
fish breeding, and finally succeeded in interesting our ener 
getic friend, Mr. Mather, thoroughly in the subject. Mr. 
