FOREST AND STREAM 
183 
clubs with playing facilities, for which the clubs owe 
thanks to Chief Engineer Culyer. 
—The Montague club, of Brooklyn, has been getting into 
good training by playing with the professional nines of 
the Mutuals and Atlantic clubs. They get beaten, to be 
sure, but they learn the new points by it. They wear a 
new uniform of the old amateur pattern. 
—The Chelseas—the champions of 1873 of this vicinity— 
met with a signal defeat at the hands of the Mutuals on 
April 27th, at the Capitoline grounds, the professionals 
sending them to Chicago by a score of 26 to 0. Matthews, 
supported as he was, was too much for the boys from the 
“burg.” 
—The Washingtons, of Brooklyn, had a game with the 
Atlantics April 24th, ending with a score of 26 to 9 in favor 
of the professionals. 
—The new nine from Essex, N. J., and vicinity, com¬ 
posed of the old Resolute and Irvington, played a game 
with the Atlantics at the Capitoline grounds on April 27th, 
just to test their strength, and they ended the contest with 
a score of 26 to 9, the Atlantics, of course, winning./ 
—The Boston club nine were sorely disappointed at not 
being to able to play the Philadelphians on Saturday. They 
were all hungry for a game, and had the weather been fair 
they would have made it warm for the “Pearls.” The 
morale of the champions is excellent, and the reason is 
that their backers and the club stockholders are among the 
most influential of the Boston commercial men. It is be¬ 
yond doubt a model professional club. 
—Mr. Andrew Rennie, of the Now York Caledonian 
Club, well known as one of our best athletics, having chal¬ 
lenged any man in the club to run 100 yards, Mr. Rennie 
allowing six yards start' the same lias been accepted by Mr. 
John Ross, of Manchester, whose achievements in the old 
country have rendered him quite famous. The match will 
take place on the 22d of May. 
—Through our consul at Manchester, C. H; Cranscombe, 
Esq., General Alexander Sclialer has been informed that an 
exhibition will be held in Manchester on the 12tli and 13th 
of May, of horses, with the particular end in view of hav¬ 
ing animals proper for the breeding of cavalry horses. 
This movement owes its origin to the fact of the difficulty 
found in England of having sufficient horses fit for cavalry 
duty, which statement has been before brought to the notice 
of our readers. The exhibition will be conducted under 
the Presidency of the Earl of Derby. It is a matter of re¬ 
gret that notice of such an exhibition was sent so late to 
the United States, and it is a matter of doubt whether our 
raisers of animals, fitted for cavalry use will have time to 
send their best horses to England. 
—The Baltimore American says that the secretary of the 
Maryland Jockey Club has received advices that a number 
of noted Tennessee stables will arrive in Baltimore shortly 
and take part in the spring meeting at Pimlico, which be¬ 
gins May 26th and continues four days. There will be six¬ 
teen races at the coming meeting. A two mile dash for all 
ages; the celebrated Preakness stakes for three year olds, 
distance 14 miles; a mile heat handicap for four j^ear olds, 
and mile and a half trial steeple chase for horses of all 
ages that have never won a steeple chase at Saratoga, Je¬ 
rome Park, Long Branch or Baltimore, constitute the pro¬ 
gramme for the first day. Of these races the Preakness 
stakes are the most important, as the winner will receive 
nearly $2,200. There are eighteen nominations for the 
handicap race, among which are such horses as Catesby, 
Lizzie Lucas, Diavolo, Artist, Cariboo, Mart Jordan, Sur¬ 
vivor, and Satire. Survivor is handicapped at the head, he 
carrying 112 pounds. The light weights are Sallie Wat¬ 
son, Jack of Trumps, and Fannie Boston, who are handi¬ 
capped at 95 pounds each. The concluding race on the 
first day will be a trial steeple chase, over 14 miles of regu¬ 
lar steeple chase track. The second day of the meeting 
will be opened by a single mile dash, for all ages. The sec¬ 
ond race will be the Chesapeake stakes, for fillies, three 
years old; a single dash of 14 miles. There are nine very 
promising fillies entered for this. The third is a selling 
race, mile heats, for all ages. The day’s sport will be con¬ 
cluded by a free handicap race of 2-| miles, open to all 
ages. A three quarter mile dash, for maidens of all ages, 
a single dash of 14 miles, gentlemen’s post stake, and open 
to all ages. A grand sweepstake race for three year olds 
over one mile, and a two mile heat for all ages, constitute 
the programme for the third day. On the last day of the 
meeting there will be a selling race for three year olds, 14 
miles; a two mile handicap race for all horses that have 
taken part in the meeting; a compensation race, mile heats, 
for horses that Iiave not started during the meeting, and 
the grand steeple chase post stakes over the regular steeple 
course will conclude the meeting. The managers have also 
increased the stakes for this meeting, and they will now 
aggregate to over $10,000. 
Detroit, April 22, 1874. 
Editor Forest and Stbeam:— 
I enclose notice of burning of our club bouse on the 19th inst., as it 
may interest you: 
“Early on Sunday morning the large and elegant club house at the flats 
oeiongmg to the North Channel Family Fishing and Shooting Club was 
burned to the.ground, with all its contents. At the time of the disaster 
the building was occupied by four or five members of the club, together 
with the keeper. The inmates were all in bed, some of whom had not 
time to secure all of their clothing before the structure was a mass of 
flame. All were but too glad to escape with then 1 lives. The flames 
were communicated to the boat-house, also used for an ice-house and 
barn, which was also destroyed, together with a large sail boat, with a 
capacity of 80 or 40 barrels, belonging to the keeper. The furniture of 
the club house was very valuable. There is no insurance upon any of 
the property. The club house was a commodious structure of 30x40 feet, 
having two stories and an attic.” • 
Duck shooting has been very good this spring; in fact, is now verv 
good. Several members of our club—the Audubon—haye killed 50 to 60 
a day several times lately. The birds are mostly red necks and black 
necks, with a sprinkling of canvas-backs and blue-bills. Snipe are just 
coming in. Grosse Isle; 
The “Missouri of the North.” —The Yukon runs the 
entire width of Alaska. Its head-waters are in British ter¬ 
ritory, but for a distance of say 1,000 miles, it flows through 
Alaska soil. The confluence of the Lewis and Pelly 
Rivers forms the Yukon, and from the point of junction 
(Fort Selkirk) to the Kusilvak mouth, on Behring Sea, the 
distance is about 1,300 miles. To the true scource of the 
Yukon, Lake Kennicott, the head of the west fork of the 
Tahco, the distance from Fort Simpson is some 600 miles. 
This gives a total of 1,800 miles; and this is believed to be 
under rather than over the mark; taking in the curves it 
is safe to call it 2,000. Several navigable rivers are among 
the tributaries of the Yukon; and it is worthy of mention 
that the northern affluents of the Stikine (the mouth of 
which is in lat. 56 40, are separated by only a narrow port¬ 
age from the southern affluents of the Tahco, so that at cer¬ 
tain seasons one might journey by boat from Wrangell, in 
southern Alaska, to the mouth of the Yukon, by making 
two short portages. The distance would be about 2,300 
miles. Or, leaving the Yukon at Fort Yukon, the traveler 
might ascend the Porcupine 150 miles, to Lapierre, and 
thence make a portage of sixty-five miles to Fort McPher¬ 
son, on Peel’s River; thence he would proceed by boat to 
the. great rival stream of the North, the McKenzie, and on 
to the Arctic. The Yukon is navigable a distance of 1,000 
miles, for steamers. Its width in some places is twenty 
miles, and in some others, on the Lower Yukon, is so 
great that one bank is invisible from the other. Boat navi¬ 
gation opens Shout the 20th of May and closes usually in 
October, though the season varies locally. 
--- 
The Codfish.—Its Value as Food. —How the Grand 
Bank was Formed. —What a marvelous influence upon 
civilization and human progress the humble but nutritious 
codfish has had. He has been a mine of wealth to a vast 
population. It seems as though good Mother Nature, fore¬ 
seeing the needs of humanity, had made special prepara¬ 
tions for a good supply of this very necessary article of 
food for body and brain. She floated her icebergs, which 
were filled with the sandy bottom of northern seas, down 
to the Gulf Stream, where they melted and, depositing their 
debris,formed the Grand Bank of Newfoundland. It was the 
work, the slow and toilsome work, of ages. Every Spring, 
thousands of these bergs, one-third above water and two- 
thirds below, the upper part clear, sparkling, and translu¬ 
cent, reflecting the sunshine, and giving it back to the en¬ 
raptured eye with that prodigality and brilliancy of coloring 
which only nature can afford, the lower part mixed with 
the coast bottom of Greenland or Labrador to the extent of 
thousands of cart-loads, came floating down majestically 
through Davis’ Straight, and meeting the warm air and 
warm water of the Gulf Stream, melted and deposited their 
contribution, until at last those immense shoals were forme^ 
where the cod and haddock swarm. And it is said thau 
these sand banks have huge depressions, like vast valleys, 
which serve as aquaria, and that when a fishing vessel is 
lucky enough to anchor over one ot them, it can fill its hold 
aifd deck with as many as it can carry .—Gloucester 
Telegraph. 
—A Nevada correspondent of the Germantown Telegraph 
writes from Elko, Nevada, as follows :— 
About eighty miles north of this place, on the north 
slope of Bull Run Mountain, which never loses its massive 
hanks of snow, rises a small stream, formed by springs that 
furnish the purest and coldest water I ever drank. The 
stream, after running a distance of half a mile, is about 
two feet deep and about six feet wide on an average; at 
this point a succession of hot springs rise on the banks, and 
flow into the stream, increasing the volume of water about 
one third. The water of the spring is so intensely hot that 
less than three seconds are consumed in boiling eggs in it. 
The creek above and below this point swarms with fine 
brook trout; and, strange as it may appear, to persons 
standing on the banks where the hot water is discharged 
into thebrook, and looking through the rising vapor, you 
can see hundreds of fish swarming to and fro in the boiling 
element with as much indifference as though there were no 
ho! water near. 
This latter, if unaccompanied by an explanation, would 
undoubtedly pass for a Nevada fish story; but to satisfy the 
incredulous I will give the result of my investigation, it be¬ 
ing July when I visited the place. I took a common ther¬ 
mometer-with me which only registered to 130 deg. Fah¬ 
renheit. A test of the water above the hot springs showed 
a mean temperature of 42 deg.; fastening my thermometer 
to a pole I immersed it above the influx of hot water, and 
keeping it as near the bottom as possible, I moved it grad¬ 
ually down stream. The result was a very low tempera¬ 
ture at the bottom, gradually rising to 65 deg., until I 
reached a point (a fourth of a mile down the stream) where 
the temperature became uniform throughout. This it will 
be seen shows that -the hot water, having a specific gravity 
much less than the cold, retains its place on the surface, 
forming an upper intensely hot stratum, and leaving the 
lower water with its finny tribe undisturbed, and to all 
appearances swimming to and fro in one of Nature’s caul¬ 
drons. 
The stream is one of the many that form the headwaters 
of the Columbia River, and to this point, over eighteen 
hundred miles from its mouth, in the spring and fall, the 
salt water salmon come in hundreds to spawn. 
--- 
From a friend in Ireland we have a letter dated Abbeyleix, 
Queen’s county, April 2d, which says:— 
“The winter here has been one of the driest and mildest 
for years. There have been only two days the whole sea¬ 
son in which they could not hunt, which is marvellous—no 
frost or snow—(I speak of Ireland; in the north of England, 
it may have been more severe). Fishing has been unusual¬ 
ly good so far, the salmon having entered the English and 
Scotch rivers earlier, and in greater numbers than for years 
past; this is evident from the low price they have brought in 
the London market, which this year in the beginning of the 
month of March, was little more than it generally is two 
months later. I have been unable to try my hand as yet, 
but next week hope to fish the More, and if I have any 
sport will send you an account.” 
--O-o-O-- 
Howto Pick out a Young- Chicken. —Carefully remove 
the shell from the larger end of a hen’s egg that has been 
subjected to the process of incubation fora period of twenty 
days, and gently extract the youthful “gallus” with your 
thumb and forefinger; 
t 
Jpr (^orwsyondentg. 
We shall endeavor in this department to impart and hope to receive 
such information as may be of service to amateur and professional sports¬ 
men. We will cheerfully answer all reasonable questions that fall within 
the scope of this paper, designating localities for good hunting, fish¬ 
ing, and trapping, and giving advice and instructions as to outfits, im 
elements, routes, distances, seasons, expenses, remedies , traits, species 
governing rules, etc. All branches of the sportsman?s craft will receive 
attention. Anonymous Communications not Noticed. 
Cleveland, Ohio.—Which makes the best coon dog, pointer or setter? 
Ans. In a big field trial match, the dog that makes the most points on 
coons. 
J. E., Chittenango, N. Y.—Can you inform me where I can get a pure 
blood Newfoundland dog pup, about five or six months old, and what 
would be the price? Ans. Any gentleman having such an animal, if he 
will write to this oflice we will give the full name of the inquirer. 
J. H. W., a correspondent at Fort Wayne, Indiana, asks ns for plans 
for a club house for an association of sportsmen just formed. It is to 
standneura lake and to cost about $800. Possibly some of our club 
friends have plans to place at the disposal of our correspondent. 
F. F. C., Avion, Ohio.—Where can I purchase pigeons for shooting? 
Ans. If you want wild pigeons, write to Silas M. Allen, Esq., Secre¬ 
tary of the Leatherstocking Club, of Oswego; he will give you the name 
and address of the party who are supplying the New York State Tourna¬ 
ment. 
Scorpion, Cedar Rapids.—To make linen fish lines water-proof, stretch 
them taut from one garden fence to another, and paint them neatly with 
shellac; then placing a piece of oil silk in the palm of the hand, draw 
the line through it so as to distribute the varnish evenly. 
C. H.—How shall I take care of a young alligator? Ans. To trans¬ 
port an alligator, put him into a box with slat sides, long enough to hold 
his body and leave the tail sticking out, just as you would a peacock. 
Feed him on meat, fish, or “garden sass,” and keep him in a pen with an 
incline which slopes into aj puddle of water. Alligators will live a long 
time without food. 
Alosa, Fort Edward.—Shad spawn ripen in the Hudson River in the 
latter part of May,and continue until July 4. In the fore part' of the sea¬ 
son there are three males to one female, and in the latter part the re¬ 
verse. Shad have sixteen thousand spawn to one pound of fish; 
speckled trout have fifteen thousand spawn to the pound of fish; salmon 
one thousand to the pound; black bass ten thousand to the pound. 
J., Fort Wayne, Ind,—1. Do you think a decarbonized steel barrel safe 
and serviceable? Ans. We do most explicitly. We think decarbon¬ 
ized steel has tenacity sufficient and will stand extra heavy 
charges, and will keep under usage a clean polish inside of the barrels. 
2. For general use, which would you advise, a 10 or 12 bore gun? Ans. 
A 10 bore. 
Arcade, St. Paul, Minn.—The publishers and.prices of the books you 
want are as follows: Dougall, J. D.—Shooting Simplified, 2d edition, 
12mo 6 shillings; Robert Hardwicke, London, 1865. Colquohoun (John) 
—Moor and the Loch—8to, 9 shillings 6d., London, Murray. Revoil, B. 
H.—Shooting and Fishing in North America, trans., 2 vols., p. 80,21 
shillings; London, Tinsley Bros. 
P. S. Gambier, Ohio.—1. What should a puppy be fed on between 
the ages of 4 and 12 months? Ans. Milk, vegetables and boiled paunch. 
2. Should he be allowed to run loose, or should he be kept tied up? 
Ans. Exercise him every day. 3. What is the proper age at which 
to take him into the field for the first time? Ans. When he shows a 
disposition to hunt game; for the other questions, see “Kenneling and 
Feeding Dogs” in the last three numbers of Forest and Stream. 
N. Drullard, Buffalo.— Is the land-locked salmon the same fish as 
the true salmon? Ans. This is a disputed question, but the general im¬ 
pression is that it is, as its marks and general features are the same. Its 
distinctive characteristic is, that it does got go to the sea like the true 
salmon: it is not anadromous. For fullest printed description of land¬ 
locked salmon seeHallock’s “Fishing Tourist,” pages 101-105, Experi¬ 
ments are being made to prove that the Sal/mo Solar, or true, salmon, will 
thrive and propagate when debarred from the sea. If it will, it may be 
safely affirmed that the two apparent varieties are identical. 
H. M. D., Jackson, Mich.—I would like to ask your advice upon the 
kind, quality and quantity of fishing tackle for our small lakes in this 
section; we get black bass, rock and silver bass, perch and pickerel, and 
a fish that is called a sunfish; could we use flies for our fishing here; if 
so, what kind; what would be the expense of a full assortment? Ans. 
Get a ten-ounce ash and lance wood rod, which with nickel reel and linen 
line ( 5 c. per yard), would cost $15; two of McHarg’s or Buel’s spoons 
and a trolling line, $5; 1 doz. bass flies assorted, $3; 2 doz. Limerick, 
Kirby and O’Shaunnessy hooks on gut, $1.50, and a couple of cork floats 
for the perch, sunnies, &c. Total without discount, $25. 
F. S. E., Lawrence, Kansas.—For the past three or four months my 
setter, a fine, good-blooded bitch, a little over two years old, has had a 
had nose—hot and dry, badly encrusted, and with a slight colorless dis¬ 
charge. Had the distemper when a pup, and came out of it nicely. 
Thinking, however, that it might be a return of it, treated her according¬ 
ly, following Mayhew’s directions as closely as possible, but with no 
good results. Next, on the supposition that it might be fever of some 
kind, gave her aconite in small quantities (not over three drops at a 
time). This did no good, and now I am at a stand-still, and as no one 
out here knows anything about dogs, am at a loss to know how to 
handle the case. She appears perfectly well, eyes bright and clear, ap¬ 
petite good, but have kept her on light food and taken good care of 
her. Her nose shows she Is not in good health, and yet she 
has always had the best of care and food. Pupped last fall 
but lost her litter, except one; was entirely over that, however, 
before the above set in. Can you tell me what is the matter with her 
and what to give her? Ans. We cannot state what yon should do, ex¬ 
cept to keep the kennel perfectly clean, let the dog run on fresh grown 
grass, and give buttermilk and a little sweet spirits of nitre. Perhaps 
some of our readers could giv'e some further information. 
C. P. K., Belleville, Ill.—A party of gentlemen here have recently or¬ 
ganized a club for the purpose of fish culture, and would request your 
advice as to the kind of fish we can best raise in our ponds. We have 
neither mountains, nor surface rock, nor clear running streams in this 
part of the country, but rich prairie soil and muddy, sluggish creeks and 
bayous. The ciub now owns a small artificial pond, fed by two small 
springs and by rainwater, is 350 feet long by 120 wide; at the centre ICO 
xlOO feet; the depth of water now is 22 feet; minimum depth during last 
dry season, 8 feet; from, this square sloping up to banks; water good and 
clear; all rain water passes into this pond from a settling pond through 
a clarifier; bottom at deep places rocky; loam on the slopes; there are 
now in the pond sun perch and catfish, the only native fish worth any¬ 
thing at all; these are thriviug very well. You would confer a great fa¬ 
vor by advising us what kind of fish, if any, of a better quality, we 
might raise in the pond, where and when to get them, at what price, and 
how to treat them when received. By next spring we will have another 
pond of several acres in extent, fed exclusively by an excellent spring. 
Our idea is to excavate the latter pond, so as to have a mean depth of 
water of 14 feet. Do you think we could stock such a pond with trout 
or black bass? Ans. 1. A large pond fed by a small spring and rain 
water will not support game fish. Stock it with the Oswego or grass 
bass. 2. Write to A. S. Collins, Caledonia, N. Y. 3. Deoends on the 
size of the spring. If the spring is large; brook trout; if medium, black 
bass. If small, try California salmon. Probably Oswego bass would be 
best. 
—A man in Wisconsin found recently that the flames of 
burning kerosene can be extinguished by throwing on 
flour. It seems reasonable that any absorbant material not 
readily combustible might be effective for such a purpcse<i 
