Genus CHAULIODES. 
Gren. Cuar. Bill as short as the head, depressed throughout its length, as broad as high at 
the base, rather narrowing towards the tip, which has a small dertrum or nail; both 
mandibles laminated, the laminz of the upper one projecting beyond the margins of the 
bill. Nostris lateral, near the base of the bill, oval and pervious. Wings long and 
acuminate. Tail wedge-shaped. Feet with four toes, three before and one behind; the 
hind toe small and free. 
GADWALL. 
Anas strepera, Linn. 
Chauliodes strepera, Swazns. 
Le Canard chipeau. 
Tuoveu the colours of this elegant Duck are more sober than those of most of the family, it yields to none 
in the tasteful disposition of its markings, and to few in the excellence of its flesh for the table. The 
European species to which it is nearest allied is the Common Widgeon (dnas Penelope), and we can scarcely 
see the necessity of creating a new genus for its reception from which the Widgeon is excluded: we have, 
however, given Mr. Swainson’s generic characters, leaving it to the option of our readers whether to accept 
or reject them. 
Although the Gadwall does not visit us in great numbers, it is tolerably common during the months of 
spring. The low marshes and fenny districts, Holland, and the whole of the northern portions of Europe, are 
the situations in which it most abounds. In its habits and manners it closely resembles the Widgeon, with 
which it is often seen associated. We have received specimens from the Himalayan mountains which are 
identical with our European species. 
The deficiency of brilliant colours in the male renders him but little more ornamented in his plumage than 
the female, the external difference between them being less than is usually met with; but the bird of the 
first year presents a considerable difference, as our Plate illustrates. 
Like the common Wild Duck, this bird breeds in reed beds and similar places, laying eight or nine eggs, 
of a pale green. 
The adult male has the head and the upper part of the neck dull brown, thickly marked with dirty white ; 
the back, scapulars and sides ornamented with narrow zigzag lines of black and white; the middle wing- 
coverts chestnut, with a dash of brown in the centre; the rump and under tail-coverts blueish black ; the 
shoulders chestnut, succeeded by blueish black, and a white speculum ; the feathers of the chest scale-like, 
having a dusky black centre, with crescent-shaped edges; the abdomen white; the beak black, and the 
tarsi orange. 
The young bird of the year is of a uniform rusty brown above, each feather having a central mark of dusky 
black, the under surface being white. 
We have figured an adult male, and a bird of the first year, three fourths of the natural size. 
