On the Oregon National Forest 
lookout men. In each lookout station there are 
instruments for 
addition to the lookout men, the district forest 
accurately locating fires. In 
ranger employs forest fire guards who patrol the 
forest trails during the fire season. It is their 
work to discover all camp fires which may have 
been left unextinguished, to put them out, and to 
arrest the careless campers. 
Fire fighting is not the only work the forest 
ranger has to do. ‘The district forest ranger 
must superintend the construction of forest roads 
and trails, and the building of telephone lines, 
bridges, and ranger-station buildings. He must 
administer Government sales of timber and the 
leasing of water-power and grazing privileges. 
Ripe stands of timber are selected and sold by 
the Government to the highest bidder. The 
timber is sold and marked and scaled by the 
forest ranger, and the timber crop is removed so 
as to favor as much as possible the growth of 
another crop of timber. 
Timber is only one, however, of the many crops 
raised on a National Forest, although it is one of 
the most important. of the 
National Forest suitable for the grazing of cattle 
and sheep must be personally examined by the 
Large sections 
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forest ranger. Annual permits are granted to 
stock owners, who are required to limit their 
herds and flocks to the number which the grazing 
areas can best carry; and such grazing rules and 
regulations are laid down as will best insure the 
restocking of the mountain pastures with grasses 
and forage cover for the ensuing seasons. ‘Thus 
the National Forests grow annually a large crop 
of beef, mutton, wool, and hides. 
The pure mountain water supply of many cities 
is drawn from the National Forests. A large 
portion of the Oregon National Forest is used for 
no other purpose than to insure a perpetual sup- 
ply of pure mountain drinking water to the city 
of Portland. This section of the Forest is known 
as the Bull Run Reserve, and includes the entire 
watershed of the Bull Run River. 
is closed to the public, and no timber cutting, 
A. staff 
of forest guards patrol the watershed district, 
The watershed 
grazing, or other forest use is allowed. 
protecting it from fire. 
Electric power is also generated on many 
National Forests, where large areas of rocky 
mountain slopes, covered with heavy forest, feed 
the 
tricity supplying cities with light and power. 
mountain waterfalls which generate elec- 
