69 
recommended by this Department are now used, the following questions have been 
prepared by the Chief of the Division of Vegetable Pathology. Itis earnestly hoped 
- that you will answer all of the questions, as far as you are able, returning the re- 
plies in the inclosed envelope on or before the middle of October next. The infor- 
mation collected in this way will be published in a forthcoming bulletin on dis- 
eases of plants and their treatment. This bulletin or any others issued by the De- 
partment will be gladly sent you upon your application. 
Respectfully, EDwin WILLITS 
B 4 9 
Acting Secretary. 
(1) Number of bearing vines grown by you. 
(2) Number of nonbearing vines. 
(3) Approximate yield of fruit in 1891. 
(4) Per cent of fruit lost through the ravages of black rot in 1891. 
(5) Per cént lost from downy mildew. 
(6) Per cent lost from anthracnose. 
(7) Did you or did you not treat your vines? 
(8) If treated give the method adopted. 
(9) Estimated per cent of fruit saved as a result of treatment. 
(10) Average price of grapes per pound in your section. 
Replies to this circular began coming in the middle of August, and 
by the Ist of December 2,500 answers in round numbers had been re- 
ceived. Without going into details it may be said that thirty-five 
States and two Territories sent in replies. The largest number, 242, 
was received from New York: the smallest, 1, from North Dakota. Of 
those replying to the circular 2,000, or 80 per cent, adopted one or more 
of the treatments recommended by the Department. Ninety per cent 
of those, or 1,800, reported beneficial results. Of the number of 
bearing vines treated, 40 per cent were sprayed or otherwise re- 
ceived applications of the Bordeaux mixture; 20 per cent were treated 
with ammoniacal solution, 15 per cent with Bordeaux mixture and am- 
moniacal solution combined, and the remainder, 20 per cent, with va- 
rious fungicides, such as eau celeste, sulphur, etc. The answers to 
questions 4, 5, and 6 brought out the fact that by far the greatest loss 
in this country is due to black rot; downy mildew comes next, powdery 
mildew third, and anthracnose last. Stating this in percentages we 
have the following: 
Per cent. 
ema pn AAI Bs 2p en ee Le eto eae Sos Skee 65 
Dune enema MINNOW 8 2 oe oe ee es ees lee tl oe 25 
Jie DLE a ee ee 10 
Of the 1,800 growers who treated their vines only 250 answered the 
questions in such a way as to give definite, reliable information bearing 
on the actual value of the work. Briefly, these 250 growers report an 
aggregate profit over all expenses of $30,733.89, or $122.93 for each 
grower. In the following table the estimated clear profit is given for 
each State: 
