39 
since the last treatment, and as a result the ground was quite dry. All 
the trees were showing the leaf-blight fungus to a limited extent. No 
difference in this respect between the treated and untreated trees 
was observed. Many of the flowers still on the trees, as well as young 
fruits of both treated and untreated trees, were affected with a disease 
which appeared to be difterent from that caused by Entomosporium. 
The petals showed here and there brown spots resembling those some- 
times occasioned by the pear-blight germ. Where a badly diseased 
petal remained attached to a young fruit,a brown or black spot had 
made its appearance on the latter. Frequently the entire fruit, as well 
as the stalk supporting it, was found badly diseased. Whole clusters 
of flowers and young fruit were affected in this way, those near the 
ground and in the center of the tree being injured the most. Micro- 
scopic examination revealed the fact that the disease was due to 
Spheropsis malorum, a fungus which attacks a number of pomaceous 
fruits. The life history of this fungus is now being studied. and when 
the work is completed the results will be made the subject of a special 
paper to be published in the Journal of Mycology. 
Third treatment (May 9).—AIll the trees in the treated plats were 
sprayed at this time, the fruit being slightly larger than No. 1 buck- 
shot. Leaf-blight and scab were found in small quantities on both the 
treated and untreated trees. Careful examination revealed the fact 
that a number of the fungicides had caused the young fruit to assume 
a brownish color. This was especially noticeable around the slight de- 
pression at the free ends of the pears. At these points the skin had a 
rusty appearance, and when rubbed would frequently fall away in 
small flakes. The greater injury at the points mentioned was uo doubt 
due to the fact that the fungicides had accumulated in the slight de- 
pressions while the young fruit was yet erect. 
Fourth treatment (June 5).—This was really the date for the fifth 
treatment, but owing to the injury resulting from the third spraying 
all treatments were omitted at the date set for the fourth spraying. 
The trees which were sprayed on April 25 and May 9 received no 
treatment at this time, the plan being, as indicated in Diagram 6, for 
them to receive only two treatments. The trees sprayed with Bor- 
deaux mixture were found to be very severely injured, the leaves in 
many cases being blackened and the fruit spotted and blistered. Ex- 
cept for the slight browning of the fruit, none of the other treatments 
had proven injurious. The injury following the use of the Bordeaux 
mixture was due in a large part to the use of air-slaked instead of fresh 
lime. In addition to this, very little rain fell between the time of the 
first and third sprayings, thus allowing the mixture to accumulate on 
the fruit. When the rain came there was a large amount of free cop- 
per sulphate present, and in consequence the fruit and foliage were 
burned. 
