32 
(4) The effect of one early spring treatment and three sprayings after 
the petals dropped. 
(5) The effect on scab and insects of one line of treatment. 
(6) The comparative value of the following preparations as prevent- 
ives of scab and as remedies against scab and insects: 
(a) Ainmoniacal solution of copper carbonate made by mixing 1 
ounce of copper carbonate and 6 ounces of ammonium carbonate, and 
then dissolving in 10 gallons of water. 
(b) Copper carbonate in suspension made by mixing 1 pound of cop- 
per carbonate in 100 gallons of water. 
(c) Simple ‘solution of copper sulphate made by dissolving 1 pound 
of copper sulphate in 25 gallons of water. 
(d) Bordeaux mixture prepared in the usual way, with 6 pounds of 
copper sulphate and 4 pounds of lime to 22 gallons of water. 
(e) Paris green solution prepared by mixing 1 pound of Paris green 
with 200 gallons of water in which enough lime had been stirred to 
give it a slightly milky appearance. 
(f) Kerosene emulsion made in the usual way with soap* and diluted at 
the rate of 124 gallons of the emulsion to 100 gallons of water; also 
kerosene in an intimate mechanical mixture madt by pumping the 
kerosene and water together by means of a specially constructed 
pump.t 
(g) London purple combined with the ammoniacal copper carbonate 
solution at the rate of 1 pound to 200 gallons of water for the first 
treatment, after which the quantity of purple was reduced one-half. 
(kh) One pound of London purple combined with 100 gallons of copper 
carbonate suspended in water. 
(i) London purple combined with Bordeaux mixture at the rate of 1 
pound to 100 gallons of water. 
The trees selected for the work were of the Haas or Fall Queen 
variety. They were of medium size and gave promise of a good crop 
of fruit. The following table gives in detail the manner of treating, the 
dates of the same, and the number of applications made: 
TABLE 15.—Showing the manner, number, and dates of treatment for apple scab. 
ONE WINTER TREATMENT. 


Tree | Times 



No. |sprayed. Sprayed with— Date when sprayed. 
= 1 | Ammoniacal copper carbonate, London purple..-.-...-..-...---. March 423, 
3-4 1 | Suspended copper carbonate, London purple-.......--.-----.-. Do. 
5-6 i Bordesiex mixtures Mondon purple -s-s2ee-s- see eee eee Do- 
7-8 I Coppersulphates aa: = 2 joss 22 oe) Geese se tele ee ee bee Do. 
9-10 1:JeCopper sulphate, kerosene. so-so. ce Soom a eee eee oe ae Do. 


* The formula is as follows: Kerosene, 2 gallons; common soap or whale-oil soap, one-half pound; 
water, 1 gallon. Heat the solution of soap and add it boiling hot to the kerosene; churn the mixture 
by means of a force pump and spray nozzle for five or ten minutes. (See Farmer’s Bulletin No. 7, 
pp. 6-7. 
} For description see the Eighth Annual Report of the Wisconsin Experiment Station, 1891, p. 162. 
