CHAPARRAL. 47 
and climate, which will furnish satisfactory cover and at the same 
time yield commercial timber. The possibility of growing eucalypts 
is suggested by the fact that both in their habitat and in various 
regions into which they have been introduced, certain species of this 
tree thrive under climatic conditions lke those which produce cha- 
parral. The genus Eucalyptus, of which there are more than 150 rec- 
ognized species, is a native of Australia and Tasmania and was 
introduced into this country in 1865. About 100 species have been 
grown in parts of California, Arizona, Texas, and New Mexico with 
varying degrees of success. Many of the species, however, are, for 
one reason or another, undesirable, while still others have little value 
except for landscape gardening, yet the requirements of the more de- 
sirable species are so varied that one or more may be used under 
almost any condition of soil and exposure. None, however, will 
endure very cold weather. Blue gum, Hwucalyptus globulus, may be 
killed by frost, as may also the species corynocalyx and citriodora. 
Others will endure temperatures as low as 10° and 15° F., depending 
on the length of exposure, but 18° F. would be a safer minimum. 
Forest Service Bulletin No. 35, by the late Prof. Alfred J. Mc- 
Clatchie, says regarding eucalypts as a forest cover, pages 31 and 32: 
“It is as forest trees that the eucalypts are most useful; planted 
as ornamental or as shade trees they are often disappointing. Plant- 
ers who have put them out as forest trees are the ones who have de- 
rived the greatest benefit from them. * * * Much of the treeless 
land of semitropic America might be covered with these trees. As 
the conditions under which the different eucalypts grow in Aus- 
tralia are very diverse, it is evident that, if the species are properly 
selected, they will cover nearly all kinds of situations. * * * In 
the Southwest there are large areas of hilly country, of little or no 
use for other purposes, that might be transformed into useful forests 
by covering them with these trees. This covering of the hills with 
forests will not only furnish shade, a source of honey, and a supply 
of fuel and timber, but will prevent the too rapid run-off of rain 
water, which results in the cutting and washing of hillsides and in 
other forms of damage below. * * * The eucalypts can be util- 
ized as a forest cover for mountains as well as hillsides. Several spe- 
cies grow naturally upon the mountains of Australia. These will 
serve as a covering for bare mountain sides in the Southwest, and the 
writer believes that they would prove quite valuable for re-covering 
those that have been denuded of their natural forests by fire. The 
rapid-growing species, less resistant to frost could be planted on the 
lower parts of mountains, and the somewhat slower-growing, more 
hardy ones farther up the mountain sides. Those adapted to alpine 
situations may be planted to a height of from 4,000 to 6,000 feet.” 
