CHAPARRAL. BO 
Heteromeles arbutifolia, Christmas berry (fig. 5), grows through- 
out the chaparral region and on the western slopes of the Sierras 
as far north as latitude 40°. It ranges from sea level to 4,600 feet, 
and, though at present not abundant, is important, since it attains 
a height of 15 feet and casts a good shade. Its leaves remain on the 
trees until a new growth begins, and it is not inflammable. 
Lotus glaber, deerweed, does not resemble the typical chaparral, 
and is neither important nor desirable. It is dealt with here because 
it is the first species to reclaim a burn. Its crown is bushy about 

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Fie. 5.—Christmas berry, Heteromeles arbutifolia, 10 feet high. 
3 feet from the ground, and offers a fair temporary protection from 
excessive evaporation. It is a perennial and has a vigorous root 
system, which enables it to live on the most exposed slopes and the 
poorest soils. 
Prunus wicifolia, hollyleaf cherry, is distributed along the Coast 
Range from San Francisco southward into Baja California, and has 
a vertical range from sea level to 6,000 feet. Because it is a large 
evergreen and casts a good shade it is a desirable species, but it forms 
less than 1 per cent of the present chaparral. It grows on any soil 
or site, is tolerant of shade, reproduces by seeds, and makes a vigorous 
