110 
The entire forest area of the Territory is estimated at 12,060 square 
miles. Large portions, however, are thinly stocked and other parts 
have been overrun by fire. 
The several species, comprising, so far as known, the forest flora of 
the Territory, are named in the following list: 
Yellow Pine (Pinus ponderosa, Doug].). 
White Pine (Pinus flexilis, James). 
Black, or Lodge-pole Pine (P. Murrayana, Balfour). 
Pition, or Nut Pine (Pinus edulis, Engelm.). 
White Spruce (Picea Engelmanni, Engelm.). 
Blue (or White) Spruce (Picea pungens, Engelm,). 
Black Spruce (Picea nigra, Link). 
Red Fir (Pseudotsuga Douglasii, Carr). 
Balsam (Abies subalpina, Engelm.). 
Balsam Fir (Abies balsamea, Mill). 
Red Cedar (Juniperus Virginiana, L.). 
Cottonwood (Populus Monilifera, Ait.) 
Cottonwood (Populus angustifolia, James) 
Aspen (Populus tremuloides, Michx.). 
Willow (Saliz longifolia, Muhl.). 
Green Ash (Frazinus viridis, Michx.). 
Box-Elder (Negundo aceroides, Moench). 
Scrub Oak (Quercus undulata, Torr). 
Mountain Mahogany Cercocarpus ledifolius, Nutt). 
Mountain Mahogany (Cercocarpus parvifolius, Nutt). 
Wild Plum (Prunus Americana, Marsh). 
Wild Cherry (Prunus Pennsylvanica, L. f.). 
Black Birch (Betula occidentalis, Hook). 
A small tree, not included in the above, is known locally as * Iron 
Wood.” It grows along the streams in bunches or clusters, the bark 
resembling that-of the Red Cherry. It has long, slender stems, which 
are often used for fishing-rods. No complete description of this species 
has been obtained. | 
The principal demands upon the forest are for railway timbers and 
cross-ties, the manufacture of lumber—for local uses—and timber for 
fencing and.fuel. But little if any timber is exported. 
Common lumber, used in building, is mostly of the native wood. 
Laramie and Evanston are principal points of production of native 
lumber. Hard woods and Southern Pine for finishing and flooring are 
brought from the East; White Cedar shingles are obtained from the Pa- 
cific region. It isestimated that 40 per cent. of the lumber used in the 
Territory is imported. 
The statutory laws prescribe a penalty of fine and imprisonment for 
the willful or careless firing of woods, marshes, or prairies, and satisfac- 
tion in damages to any person injured. I orest fires, nevertheless, are 
frequent and destructive. 
No officers are specially charged with the euforcemeut of the forest 
laws, and although there may be violations of the same, the guilty par- — 
ties are rarely if ever apprehended. 

