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Description.—Leaves in fives (and fours), 13 to 2} inches long. Cones 1} to 3 inches 
long; their few scales thickened at the end and the blunt tip turned up; scales fall-_ 
ing away after the cone is ripe; purple when young, reddish-brown at maturity. 
Bark milky white, especially on smaller branches. 
4,— WHITE PINE. (Pinus reflera, Engelm.) 
Only sparingly distributed through southwestern New Mexico and 
southeastern Arizona, usually on rocky slopes between 6,000 and 5,000 
feet. It reaches a height of 60 to 90 feet, with a diameter of 2 feet; is 
generally a taller and more slender tree than the more northern White 
Pines. The wood is light, hard, very flexible, but little used for lumber. 
Description. —Leaves in fives (and fours), slender, 23 to 4 inches long. Cones 6 to8 | 
inches long, on thick stems, 4 to 1} inches long, and erect the first year, but recurved 
2 
the second. Seeds large, flattened, wingless; sweet as those of the Nut Pine (Pinus 
edulis, Engelm). Trunk slender, of ten crooked, with few branches at top. 
5d.—PINON PINE. Nut PINE. (Pinus edulis, Engelm.) 
A small trse, but of considerable importance throughout its range, 
extending through southern Colorado, New Mexico, and western Texas, 
generally occupying sand and limestone slopes up-to 9,000 feet. Said 
to be found also in southern Wyoming. Varies much in size, from 20 
to 50 feet, but oftener about 25 feet, with a diameter of 1to2 feet. The 
wood is light, soft, and quite durable when exposed to moisture. It is 
especially valuable for fuel, for which it is extensively used, as also for 
manufacturing charcoal, and for fencing; occasionally used for poor 
quality of lumber. 
Description.—Leaves chiefly in twos, 1 to 2 inches long, rigid, much curved or 
straight. Cones 1} to 2 inches long, globose; ends of the few scales prolonged into 
a truncate-pyramidal tip; light russet color at maturity. The seeds (nuts) are 
sweet and edible. Generally a low tree with round crown and bushy habit. 
6.—FOX-TAIL PINE. HiIcKORY PINE. (Pinus Balfouriana Murray, 
var. aristata, Engelm.) 
Rather rare, sccurring chiefly in Colorado (but westward through 
Utah, Nevada, and southeastern California) on dry rocky ridges between 
7,500 and 12,000 feet. It attains a height of from 50 to 100 feet, witha 
diameter of 3 to 8 feet. The wood is hard, tough, of a reddish color, 
and where found in the mining districts has been much employed for 
timbering mines, and to some extent for lumber. 
Description.—Leaves in fives, 1 to14 inches long, curved toward and closely pressing 
the branch. Cones terminal, oval; purple when young, russet-brown at maturity ; 
24 to 34 inches long, with delicate prickles, which are recurved as the cone matures. 
Bark reddish gray. 
7.—BULL PINE. YELLOW PINE. HEAVY-WOODED PINE. (Pinus 
ponderosa, Doug|.) 
The predominant and most generally distributed tree of the Rocky 
Mountain region, and for commercial purposes the most important. It 



