166 
22.—CANOE CEDAR. RED CEDAR. YELLOW CEDAR. (Thuya 
gigantea, Nutt.) 
A large-sized tree and one of great economical importance. It occurs 
in northwestern Montana (and from California to Washington Territory 
and north of the boundary), growing chiefly in moist, but sometimes in 
dry, situations up to an elevation of 5,000 feet. In the northern Pacifie 
coast region it reaches its most valuable dimensions—100 to 130 feet, and 
6 to 9 feet in diameter. The wood is soft, light, and lacking in strength, 
but furnishes excellent material for inside work, as well as for coarse 
lumber, shingles, staves, ete. 
Description.—Leaves short, scale-like, pointed, somewhat closely overlapping, and 
forming short internodes; no glands or tubercles (or very obscure); bright to glau- 
cous green. Cones 4 of ar inch long, ovate, of few scales, clustered at the ends of 
the branches, drooping; seeds winged all around. Crown narrow, pyramidal; 
branches spreading and somewhat drooping. Liable to be confounded with the 
California White Cedar (Libocedrus decurrens, Torrey). 
23.—Cupressus Guadalupensis, Watson. 
Little is known of the economic importance of this tree, as it isa com- 
paratively new species, discovered in eastern Arizona in 1880. It occurs 
in southeastern New Mexico, eastern and southeastern Arizona, and 
southward, forming dense forests on rocky sites of from 5,000 to 8,000 
feet elevation. It commonly grows toa height of 40 to 70 feet, and 2 to 
4 feet in diameter. The timber is light and straight-grained, and splits 
very readily; the heart-wood resembies that of the Red Cedar very 
closely. In mining districts it has been employed BOSTON for 
wood and charcoal. 
Description.—Leaves small, scale-iike, opposite, appressed, overlapping, and form- 
ing short 4-angled branchiots whitish (elaieouey: free from pits or glands. Cones 
globe-like 1 to 14 inches in diameter, composed of from 6 to 8 thick, plate-like scales 
with large curved bosses, crowded on short, strong, footstalks. Bark dark red and 
fibrous, showing bright vermilion surface when newly scaled off. Closely grown, it 
is a tall and straight tree, but shorter and with greater ambitus when isolated. 
24.—JUNIPER.* (Juniperus pachyphloea, Torrey.) 
A tree 30 to 50 feet high and 3 feet or more in diameter, occurring in 
southern Arizona, New Mexico (in the mountains of western Texas, and 
southward into Mexico). It is confined chiefly to dry slopes and ridges 
between 2,000 and 3,000 feet, and in its mountain range is the principal 
juniper, especially in Texas. The wood is light, soft,and easily wrought. 
Fruit an important article of food among the Indians of the South- 
west. 
Descripiion.—General aspect white. Leaves in threes, overlapping closely, rather 
sharp-pointed, ridged on the back, with a gland in the center; very glaucous. Fruit 
solitary, globe-like, 4 of an inch in diameter, brownish, white with bloom, sweetish, 
borne at the ends of short erect branchlets, the latter somewhat four-angled. 
—_ 

* See non-arborescent Junipers, page 197. 

