179 


margin entire, with acute or blunt teeth, or sometimes with teeth only near the 
point; smooth and green both sides, but with fine, close down on midrib below. 
Seeds 1 to 18 inches long, } to 4 (commonly ¢) of an inch wide, slender and sharp- 
pointed at the base, broadening into a lance-shaped or spatulate wing above ; ridged 
Branchesround. Young seedlings smooth and straight. 
BIGNONIACEX: BIGNONIA FAMILY 
| 61.—“*Deserr WILLOW.” (Chilopsis saligna, D. Don.) 
\ small shrub or tree, 10 to 25 feet in height and 4 to 10 inches in 
if BP einctor , growing only near water, and preferring a light sandy soil. 
 Itoccurs through southern Arizona and New Mexico (west into south- 
ern California, east into Texas, south into northern Mexico). The 
; wood is light, soft, and much like that of the Black Walnut, but lighter, 
and very guttable for cabinet-work, though large trees are apt to be 
hollow and useless for lumber. 
; Description. —Leaves alternate, 14 to54 inches long, common|y less than ¢ inch Wide ; 
linear to linear-lance-shaped, usually tapering to a very slender point at either end. 
~ Flowers large, (2 inches long) white or purplish. The seeds are borne in a long slen- 
der pod (like the Catalpa bean), 6 to 12 inches long; sceds small, flat, and with a thin 
brush of whitish wool at each end. 
ee EE ae 

















URTICACEA: NETTLE FAMILY. 
62.—WHITE ELM. AMERICAN ELM. WATER ELM. (Ulmus Ameri- 
cana, Linn.) 
A large tree, attaining a height sometimes of over 100 feet, with a 
diameter of 4 to 6 feet. It occurs sparingly in the northwestern Rocky 
Mountain region (but has an extended range east of the Rockies to the 
Atlantic and somewhat north of the United States boundary); very 
adaptive to different soils, but preferring moist bottom-lands, where it 
reaches its largest size. The wood is heavy, rather hard, and tough, 
often very difficult to split; in its eastern range used considerably for 
P coarse lumber, flooring, staves, wheel-stock, and fuel. When employed 
for lumber, it requires care in seasoning to prevent it from warping 
Ei badly. Often used as an ornamental tree. 
Deseription.—Leaves 2 to 4 inches long, oval or oblong (broader above), tapering 
‘suddenly to a short, narrow point; base rounded (unequal-sided—peculiar to elms); 
margin sharply cut with teeth of two sizes; smooth above, hairy below, though often 
t scoming smooth. Fruit (samara, 4 inch long) with thin wing all around, borne on 
drooping stems in small clusters; ovate, with a notch at the apex closed by two in- 
curved teeth; margin of the wing with hair-like fringe. Branchlets and buds smooth. 
Large tree, with thick, grayish, and deeply furrowed bark ; with room, producing low 
tunk, and a broad, much-branched crown; closely grown, the latter is contracted 
md the trunk tall and straight. 

