181 
JUGLANDACEA: WALNUT FAMILY. 




















66.—WALNUT. (Juglans rupestris, Engelm.) 
A tree of considerable economical importance, occurring quite abun. 
dantly in the rich soil of mountain canyons at elevations between 5,000 
and 8,000 feet, ranging through southern New Mexico (Arizona and 
| along the coast from southern to central California; eastward through 
: 
' 
western Texas); 30 to 60 feet in height and 1 to 2 feet in diameter. 
t The wood is hard and heavy, but brittle, with a dark rich brown color, 
and nearly or quite as valuable for cabinet-work as that of the Black 
. Walnut of the East. 
Description.—Leaves compound, with from 5 to 10 pairs of leaflets, which vary 
in length from 2 to 3 inches by ¢ to 1 (chiefly 4to $) inch wide; lance-shaped 
: _ to somew hat broadly so, pointed or Potnked at the base, and narrowing to a usually 
long thin point; margin finely toothed ; young leaflets velvety, as are the buds, shoots, 
and leaf-stems; with age the former Sinton! without the down, except on the veins. 
- Fruit small, velvety when young, becoming more or less smooth at maturity; glob- 
“ular or slightly ovate; 4 to 1 inch in diameter, with a very thin busk; shell smooth, 
~ wrinkled ; sweet and edible. 
CUPULIFER.H : OAK FAMILY. 
67._Scrvub OAK. (Quercus undulata, var. Gambelii, Engelm.) 
Often a low shrub, or rather small tree, rarely more than 50 feet in 
height (exceptionally 75 feet) and 15 feet in diameter, occurring abun- 
dantly on the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, in the 
high mountains of southern New Mexico and Arizona, where it probably 
ittains its largest size. (It is also found in the Wahsatch Mountains of 
central Utah and in the mountains of western Texas.) The timber is 
leavy, hard, and strong, and rather tough when young, but it is im- 
ve ortant chiefly for fuel and tan-bark, as the large trees are too often 
hollow and defective for lumber.* 
_ Description.—Leaves 1 to 5 (mostly 1 to 3) inches long, and } to 3 inches wide, 
vate (larger at upper end) or oblong in outline ; margin with bristle-pointed coarse 
eeth, or rather deeply cut into from 3 to 5 somewhat equal lobes, with rounded 
ends; young shoots, leaf-stems, and under surface of leaves clothed with velvety 
yellowish down. Acorns, mostly solitary, sometimes in pairs, ovoid or oblong with 
 SwWord-shaped point, 4 to of an inch in length, and @ to $ an inch in diameter, some- 
times quite enveloped by the closely scaly and downy cup.t A variable variety, and 
for the present purpose no attempt is made to describe in any but general terms 
the » many forms that probably belong here. 
aay 
~§ 
3.—Burr Oak. Mossy-curp OAK. Over cup OAK. (Quercus macro- 
carpa, Michx.) 
pre of the largest and most important timber trees, extending farthest 
est and northwest of any of the eastern Oaks. It is somewhat rare 
a — -— 
ie ia ausefal tree, furnishing desirable soil cover and shade for denuded hillsides. 
iv ank and branches often much twisted. 

