SCALPELLUM. Ad 
15. ScaLPELLUM (?) creT#. ‘Tab. I, fig. 11. 
ANATIFERA CRETH. Steenstrup. Kroyer’s Tidsskrift, 1837 et 1839, b. ii, pl. v, 
figs. 1, 2, 3. 
S. valvis levibus tenuissimis: scuti umbone prope medium marginis occludentis posito ; 
costis tribus obscuris ab umbone ad angulos tergo-lateralem et basi-lateralem, et ad medium 
marginis basalis decurrentibus : carine apice et margine basalt acutis; distinct parietes absunt, 
Valves smooth, extremely thin: scutum with the umbo placed nearly in the middle of 
the occludent margin, with three obscure ridges running from the umbo to the tergo-lateral 
and baso-lateral angles, and to the middle of the basal margin: carina with the apex and 
basal margin sharply pointed ; without distinct parietes. 
White Chalk, Denmark, Mus. Univers., Copenhagen. Chalk Detritus, Charing, Kent (?), Mus. Harris. 
Preliminary Remarks. 1 owe to the kindness of Professor Steenstrup, as in so many 
former instances, an examination of several specimens of this fossil, which is of interest, as 
being extremely common and characteristic of the white chalk of Denmark. Amongst 
the numerous minute specimens from the chalk detritus of Charing in Kent, sent me by 
Mr. Harris, there are some carine so similar that I have ventured, with doubt, to rank this 
as a British species ; the carina, however, in this species, are far from characteristic. I have 
felt much hesitation in admitting this species in the genus Scalpellum : Professor Steenstrup 
was originally inclined to believe that the capitulum was formed of only five valves; 
could this be proved, the species would very naturally rank with a small recent one from 
the Island of Madeira, which, owing to the upward growth of the scuta, and to certain 
peculiarities in the animal’s body, I have felt myself compelled to raise to the rank of a 
genus, under the name of Oxynaspis. But as the valves of S. (?) crete have never been found 
united, and as the main ones are very small, fragile, and generally in a broken condition, 
the small lower ones might easily be overlooked. JI have seen, indeed, in two instances, 
the middle of the basal margin; the surface between the latter ridge and the occludent margin covered 
with fine longitudinal elevated lines. 
Scania (Kopinge). Mus. Univers., Copenhagen. 
I have in this one instance departed from my rule of never naming any other valve, except the carina 
in the genus Scalpellum ; but the scutum here to be described almost certainly belongs to this genus, and 
is interesting in connection with the homologous valves in S. tuberculatum and S, (?) crete, to which 
species it is apparently allied, but yet differs greatly from them in the umbo being seated at the upper- 
most point of the valve. 
Scutum, moderately elongated, slightly convex; a narrow, prominent, well-defined ridge runs from the 
apex to the baso-lateral angle, at which point it forms a narrow projection: a second ridge, not quite 
s0 prominent, runs from the apex to the basal margin, to a point rather nearer to the baso-lateral than to 
the rostral angle. That part of the valve between this second ridge and the occludent margin has four or 
five faint longitudinal ridges, whereas the rest of the valve is smooth. Internally there is a deep depression 
for the adductor muscle, above which the surface is simply concave up to the apex. 
