24 FOSSIL CIRRIPEDIA. 
characters are the large articular ridge to the scutum, and the reflexed apices of all four 
valves, though this latter character is highly variable. I must refer to my Monograph on 
the Balanidze for a full description of these valves. 
The largest recent British specimen which I have seen was only ‘55 of an inch in basal 
diameter: specimens from Greenland and the northern United States, frequently attain a 
diameter of three-quarters of an inch, and I have seen one single sowewhat distorted 
specimen actually 1:6 of an inch in basal diameter. Where individuals have grown 
crowded together, their length is often twice, and even occasionally thrice as great as their 
diameter ; thus I have seen a recent Greenland specimen 1°6 of an inch in length, and 
only °75 in diameter. ‘This species, in its recent state, as may be seen under the 
habitats, has an enormous range. I have felt myself unwillingly compelled to admit that 
it ranges from the Arctic Regions in 74° 48’ N. to the Mediterranean, the West 
Indies, and Cape of Good Hope. ‘That this species should live in the tropical seas is the 
more surprising, as the large size of the specimens in the northern seas and in the glacial 
deposits, might fairly have been supposed to have indicated special adaptation for a cold 
climate. This great geographical range, however, of the species accords with its range in 
time from the present day to the Coralline Crag period. The specimens from the glacial 
deposits which I have examined, chiefly in Sir C. Lyell’s collection, are very fine and large, 
and appear, on an average, to attain as large or larger dimensions than the recent specimens 
from the United States; they are often associated, like the now living individuals, with 
B. porcatus and Hameri: they come from the well-known formation of Uddevalla, and 
from Canada. There are well-characterised specimens in the mammaliferous Crag, at 
Bramerton and near Norwich, in Sir C. Lyell’s and Mr. Wood’s collections, and from 
Sutton and other places in the Red Crag of the eastern shores of England: these speci- 
mens are not only smaller than the glacial, but than the recent English specimens ; 
for the largest Crag specimens which I have seen had a basal diameter °5 of an inch, ‘3 to °4 
being their ordinary size. The specimens which I have seen from the Coralline Crag, and 
some others sent me by Krantz from the miocene formation of Flonheim bei Abzei, in 
Germany, had not their opercular valves, yet I cannot doubt, considering how few species 
there are having porose walls and asolid basis, that I have rightly identified these specimens 
as belonging to B. crenatus. 
7. Batanus Hamert, Tab. I, fig. 7a—7d., Tab. II, fig. 1a, 14. 
Lrepas Hameri. Ascanius. Icones rerum naturalium, Tab. 10, 1767. 
— TuLipa. O. F. Miller. Prodromus. Zoolog. Dan. 1776; sed non ZL. tulipa, in 
Poli, Test. ut Sicilize ; necnon B. tulipa, in Bruguiére, Encyclop. 
method. ; necnon B. tulipa, in Sowerby, Genera of Shells. 
— TULIPA ALBA. Chemnitz. Syst. Conch., Tab. 98, fig. 832. 
— FoulacEa. Spengler. Skrivter af Naturhist. Selskabet, 1 B. 1790. 
