26 COMMERCIAL IMPORTANCE OF WHITE MOUNTAIN FORESTS. 



there has been a very considerable saving in the amount of water 

 used to drive out the logs. Between 1901 and 1905 the sum of 

 $74,200 was spent by the two companies in smoothing the channel 

 so that there would be fewer log jams and consequently less extra 

 expenditure of water. It has been estimated that the cost per ton- 

 mile for driving logs varies on this river from one-fourth to U cents, 

 while the cost by rail on near-by roads for the same service is 2.74 

 cents per ton-mile. ° Log driving, therefore, is likely to continue. 



The principal developed water powers on the Kennebec River are 

 shown in Table 12. 



Table 12. — Developed water powers on the Kennebec River. 



Location. 



Operating companies. 



Horse- 

 power. 



Carritunk Falls. 



Madison 



Madison 



Madison 



Skowhegan 



Shawmut 



Fairfield 



Winslow 



Ticonic Falls. . . 



Augusta 



Augusta 



Total. 



International Paper Company 



Great Northern Paper Company 



Indian Spring Woolen Company 



Madison Woolen Company 



Skowhegan Water Power Company. . 

 Shawmut Manufacturing Company. . 



Fairfield Junction Mills 



Hollingsworth & Whitney Company. 



Lockwood Company 



Edwards Manufacturing Company. . . 

 Cushnoc Paper Company, etc 



3,000 

 1,400 

 400 

 400 

 5,100 

 1,000 

 1,000 

 8,500 

 2,400 

 2,500 

 1,500 



,700 



The reports indicate that about 4,000 of the horsepower is used 

 in developing electricity for lighting five or six leading towns and 

 cities and for running street cars. The extensive undeveloped powers 

 of this river are, in the main, above Skowhegan. 



A significant and very interesting table (Table 14, p. 28) showing 

 the effect of storage water in Moosehead Lake upon the flow of water 

 at points below is given under the next heading. 



INFLUENCE OF THE WHITE MOUNTAIN FORESTS ON NAVIGATION. 



All of the iWe large rivers of New England that rise in the White 

 Mountain region are navigable at their mouths. In this respect the 

 most important is the Connecticut, navigable for 50 miles, with a 

 fleet of 35 vessels plying between Hartford and New York. The 

 Kennebec is navigable for 44 miles, to Augusta; the Androscoggin 30 

 miles; the Merrimac 17| miles, to Haverhill, and the Saco 5 miles, to 

 Saco and Biddeford. In each case large cities receive supplies by 

 water. The combined navigable length of these rivers is 146^ miles, 

 a natural highway for freight and passengers, which, were it to be 

 built as a canal, would necessitate an initial expenditure of several 



a "Water Resources of the Kennebec River Basin," by H. K. Barrows, U. S. Geo- 

 logical Survey, Water and Irrigation Paper No. 198. 

 [Cir. I68j 



