NG 
Railroad refrigeration charges were widely "blanketed" (or grouped) 
as to commodities. Rates for any specified refrigeration service from 
Florida to any individual point were the same for all vegetables and citrus 
fruits included in this study. Since the average carload differed widely 
among commodities, the charge per 100 pounds also differed. Thus, the 
charge for standard refrigeration was the same per car for all vegetables 
and citrus fruits from many Florida points to Philadelphia, $63.8 per car. 
However, for those commodities in this study to which standard refriger- 
ation is generally applied, the average carloads ranged from 21,700 pounds 
for snap beans to 50,000 pounds for oranges. Hence, the charge per 
100 pounds of product ranged from 29 cents for snap beans to 13 cents for 
oranges to Philadelphia. 
The charges for various refrigeration services were also widely 
"blanketed" according to distance. For example, the charge for standard 
refrigeration from Belle Glade to Atlanta was $63.8 per car, the same 
charge applying to points along the Atlantic Coast as far north as New York 
City, roughly 650 miles farther. This was the widest "blanket" among the 
refrigeration services analyzed here. 10/ 
As with basic railroad rates, refrigeration charges tapered off with . 
distance. This was true not only for the distances included in the blankets, 
but also for other distances ; i. e., the rate of increase in charges was 
typically less than that in distance. For example, the charge for standard 
refrigeration from Sanford to Boston (1,320 miles away) was {68,77 per car. 
The charge was 8 percent higher than that to New York City, ae Sean the 
distance was 21 percent farther. 
The railroads offered free refrigeration services to some points to 
meet the competition of other agencies of transport. As noted in 
table 1, free refrigeration (providing as much as initial icing plus one 
reicing, if specifiec minimum carloads were offered) was available on 
Florida oranges and grapefruit to Boston and New York. 
Truck 
As indicated above, the truck refrigeration charges used in this analy- 
sis were included in the basic freight rates and were not quoted separately. 
Consequently, no analysis of such refrigeration charges was possible. 
Cartage Costs 
Commercial cartage rates were frequently published in tariffs, with 
rates quoted for a number of different commodities, according to type of 
container, and sometimes varying with length of haul. For example, in 
Chicago, San Francisco, St. Louis, anc Philadelphia, cartage charges were 
quoted on a zone basis. The charges used in this analysis were to that 
zone in which most of the wholesalers are located. 
ce i ee 
10/ The "blanket" may have extended somewhat farther north than New York 
City to points not considered here. 
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