8 



Table 3 •— Effectiveness of vacuum-cooling some vegetables and fruits 

 with small surface area-to-volume ratio 









Duration 









of 









vacuum 



Commodity 1/ 



Container 





cycle 









Minutes 



Apples , Golden Delicious 



None 





hi 



Carrot, roots 2/ 



Crate 





20 



Cranberries 3/~ 



Cellophane 



bags 



Ik 





and trays 







Cucumbers 



Baskets 





20 



Grapes s Ribier h/ 



None 





20 



Grapes, seedless" h/ 



None 





20 



Grapes, seedless 



Lug 





20 



Grapes, Emperor 



Lug 





15 



Oranges 



None 





10 



Peppers, bell 



Hamper 





20 



Potatoes, intact 5/ 



None 





30 



Potatoes, skinned 5/ 



None 





30 



Strawberries ]\/ 



None 





20 



Strawberries 5 ~dry 



Cup 





13 



Strawberries,, wet 



Cup 





13 



Tomatoes 



Cellophane 



tray 



10 



Tomatoes 



Cellophane 



tray 



20 



Temperature of commodity a'o 

 Beginning End of 



of cycle cycle 



"2; 



79 

 66 

 7U 



78 

 69 

 70 



63 

 75 

 80 



65 

 65 

 65 

 6h 

 65 

 73 

 77 



50 

 60 

 68 



73 



63 



6h 



Ii0-ii5 



50 



72 



50 



57 



15 



53 



51 



38 



67 



71 



1/ See footnote 1, table 1«> 



2/ The tops attached to these roots were cooled simultaneously to 38 e F< 



3/ Unpublished data by Ho VJ„ Hruschka and J Kaufman, 195Uo 



k/ Data from Barger (l)« 



5/ Data from Dewey (6)e 



