or more of the stand is western white pine. 
Western redcedar.—Forests in which 50 
percent or more of the stand is western red- 
cedar and less than 20 percent is western 
white pine. 
PONDEROSA PINE.—Forests in which 50 percent or 
more of the stand is ponderosa pine and less than 
20 percent is western white pine. 
Larcu.—Forests in which 50 percent or more of 
the stand is larch and less than 20 percent is west- 
_ ern white pine. 
Douctas-Fir.—Forests in which 50 percent or 
more of the stand is Douglas-fir and less than 20 
percent is western white pine. 
LODGEPOLE PINE GROUP: 
Lodgepole pine.—Forests in which 50 per- 
cent or more of the stand is lodgepole pine 
and less than 20 percent is western white 
pine. 
Whitebark and limber pine.—Forests in 
which 50 percent or more of the stand is 
whitebark and/or limber pine and less than 
20 percent is western white pine. 
SPRUCE-FIR GROUP: 
Spruce.—Forests in which 50 percent or 
more of the stand is Engelmann spruce and/ 
or western white spruce and less than 20 
percent is western white pine. 
Hemlock-grand fir.—Forests in which 50 
percent or more of the volume is hemlock 
and/or grand fir and less than 20 percent 
is western white pine. 
Alpine fir.—Forests in which 50 percent or 
more of the stand is alpine fir and less than 
20 percent is western white pine. 
Harpwoops.—Forests in which 50 percent or more 
of the stand is hardwood species and less than 20 
percent is western white pine. 
CONIFEROUS WOODLAND.—Open, scraggly commer- 
cial forests in which 50 percent or more of the 
stand is juniper, ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, and 
lodgepole pine, singly or in combination. 
Ownership Classes 
NATIONAL-FOREST OWNERSHIP. — Federal lands 
which, by executive order or statute, have been 
designated as national forests, purchase units, or 
experimental areas, or have been placed under the 
administration of the Forest Service. 
Forest Resources of Montana 
INDIAN OWNERSHIP.—Indian tribal lands and trust 
allotments. Lands held in fee by the Federal Gov- 
ernment but administered and managed for Indian 
tribal groups, or allotted in trust to individual 
Indians. 
OTHER FEDERAL OWNERSHIP.—Lands owned by the 
Federal Government not classed as national forest 
or Indian. 
STATE OWNERSHIP.—Lands in State ownership. 
COUNTY AND MUNCIPAL OWNERSHIP.—Lands in 
county or municipal ownership. 
PRIVATE OWNERSHIP.—Lands in private ownership. 
PRIVATE FARM OWNERSHIP.—Private commercial 
forest land in farms, using as the definition of 
“farm” the official definition in the latest Census of 
Agriculture. 
OTHER PRIVATE OWNERSHIP.—Commercial forest 
land in private ownership other than farm. 
Tree-Merchantability Classes (Live) 
LIVE SAW-TIMBER TREES.—Live white pine saw- 
timber trees in which the merchantable portion is 
40 percent or more of the total board-foot volume, 
live saw-timber trees of other species that are at 
least 50 percent merchantable by board-foot vol- 
ume. 
CULL SAW-TIMBER TREES.—Live white pine saw- 
timber trees in which the unmerchantable portion 
exceeds 60 percent, and live saw-timber trees of 
other species in which the unsound portion exceeds 
50 percent of total board-foot volume. 
Sound cull saw-timber trees.—Live saw- 
timber trees in which the unmerchantable 
portion results from defect other than rot, for 
example, sweep, frost crack, extreme rough- 
ness, fire scar, etc. 
Rotten cull saw-timber trees.—Live saw- 
timber trees in which the unmerchantable 
portion results from decay organisms. 
Live pole-timber trees.—Live pole-timber 
trees of all species that are judged to be pros- 
pectively merchantable for sawlogs. 
Cull pole-timber trees.—Live pole-timber 
trees of all species that are judged to be 
prospectively unmerchantable for sawlogs. 
Sound cull pole-timber trees.—Live pole- 
timber trees judged unmerchantable now or 
prospectively because of defect other than 
rot. 
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