2 68 
tically cut, though the scattered material is still estimated at about 
150,000,000 feet. The hard woods are dense and heavy; their cutting 
has hardly begun, and fire has injured but little, nor is it likely to do 
sointhe future. Thestanding Hemlock amounts to about 1,000,000,000 
feet, the hard woods to 1,100,000,000 feet, of which Birch, Basswood, 
and Elm in nearly equal proportions form about 80 per cent, followed 
by Maple and Ash and a very small quantity of Oak. The swamps are 
generally stocked with Cedar, Tamarack, and some Spruce. Larger 
bare areas occur along the Wolf and involve in all parts only the pine 
slashings. 
Tincoln County.—A mixed forest of hard woods, Hemlock, and Pine 
covers the clay and loam land@s, or about 80 per cent of this county. A 
small strip along the Wisconsin River, and a broad V-shaped tract 
spreading northward from below the junction of Tomahawk and Wis- 
consin, are sandy pinery. The pine is generally cut, only about 
100,000,000 feet being in larger bodies, but there is a great deal of 
scattered pine which will bring up the total cut to at least 250,000,000 
feet. The hard woods are as yet unculled, have suffered little injury 
from fire, and with the Hemlock will cut 6,000 feet per acre of all well- 
stocked land. This means a total cut of about 1,000,000,000 feet of 
Hemlock and an equal amount of hard woods, in which Birch, Bass- 
wood, and Elm represent about 70 per cent and Oak only about 3 to 5 
per cent. The swamps are largely stocked with both Cedar and Tama- 
rack and a little Spruce, but many of them have been burned into or 
were entirely cleaned out. Cut-over, burned, or bare lands exist wher- 
ever Pine was dense, and in the aggregate amount to many thousand 
acres of the very kind of land least desirable for farming. 
Marathon County.— Except the narrow border along the larger streams 
where Pine prevailed, this county was a continuous mixed forest of 
Pine, hard woods, and Hemlock. The Pine is nearly all cut; the present 
stand is estimated at about 200,000,C00 feet, of which considerable is 
thinly scattered through parts of the mixed forest. The forest of hard 
woods and Hemlock has been heavily cut into for more than ten years. 
It is interrupted by large clearings, but has not been injured much by 
fire. The standing Hemlock is estimated at about 1,500,000,000 feet, 
the hard woods cutting about the same. Of the latter, Birch and Bass- 
wood it nearly equal amounts form 60 per cent, Elm 20 per cent, and 
Oak only about 5 per cent. 
Marathon has little swamp; most Pine slashings have been burned 
over and, since so much good land exists all around, they are generally 
wastes. Many groves of young White and Norway Pine may be seen 
along the Wisconsin River. Though well settled and stocked with 
hard weods which do not encourage fires, even this county in the dry 
season of 1894 suffered considerably from fires, which emphasizes the 
need of organization for their prevention. 
Marinette County.—The greater part of this county is a pinery. Its 
