20 THE CEATEE NATIONAL FOEEST. 



Three important mineral springs are situated within the Forest, 

 known as Dead Indian, McAllister, and Grizzly Soda Springs. The 

 Dead Indian Spring is situated at the junction of the South Fork 

 of Little Butte and Dead Indian Creek, and is reached by a fairly 

 good mountain road from Medford, a distance of 25 miles. It is 

 visited by a large number of people. 



The McAllister Springs, 30 miles east of Medford, are perhaps the 

 most accessible, and adequate accommodations are afforded for a 

 large number of campers. Big game is still found in the vicinity, 

 and the fishing is fairly good. 



The Grizzly Springs lie 25 miles east of Ashland, and are reached 

 by the Ashland-Fort Klamath wagon road. Though much like the 

 two other springs, they are less widely known. 



PERMANENT IMPROVEMENTS. 



At present the Forest is poorly equipped with telephone lines, trails, 

 and roads. During the fires of 1910 it was necessary, on account of 

 lack of telephone communication, to use mounted messengers to bring 

 news and carry orders to and from headquarters, a slow and uncer- 

 tain procedure. 



Both the Prospect country and the east side of the Forest, with 

 the exception of Klamath Lake and Pelican Bay regions, have few 

 trails, and most of those which exist were made long ago by hunters 

 and trappers, and are very poor. An example of the importance of 

 trails in fighting fires was given in the case of the South Fork fire 

 (see map) in the summer of 1910. Over a trail which runs from 

 Prospect to Four Mile Lake it was possible to bring a large body of 

 troops, together with 24 loaded pack mules, to the scene of the fire 

 in reasonably quick time. Had there been no trail it would have 

 been next to impossible to have gotten the troops there before the 

 fire, an unusually severe one, had spread over an enormous area. 

 The question of transporting supplies also would have been one 

 exceedingly difficult, if not impossible, to meet. The cost of building 

 trails on the Crater Forest varies from $62 to $100 per mile. 



Only two roads cross the Cascade Kange, one via Prospect to 

 Crater Lake, the other via Ashland to the Pelican Bay country and 

 Crater Lake. Both were originally trails, which have simply been 

 worn into roads. Both the Forest Service, and private individuals 

 through subscription, have done considerable work in improving the 

 road via Prospect. Though the greatest need on the Forest at present 

 is for telephone lines and trails, at least one good road of even grade 

 over the mountains will become almost a necessity in the near future. 



Up to the present, 27 miles of roads, 175 miles of trails, and 130 

 miles of telephone lines have been constructed on the Forest. 



o 



