112 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[March ft, 1884. 



Ere— Gtencho. Mr. James T. Walker's (Baltimore, Md. ') red Irish 

 setter bitch Claire (A.K.R, 283) ro Mr. W. "H. Pierce's Glencho (Elcho 

 — Noreen). Feb. 11. 



Bessie -Don. Mr. Wm. H. Force's (New York) pointer bitch Bessie 

 (Sensation— MiuDeola) to Mr. K. T. Yandevort's Don (A.K.R. 1B§), 

 Feb. 3. 



Bease//— Glencho. Mr. Charles J. Steward's (New York) red Irish 

 setter bitch Beaser to Mr. W. H. Pierce's Glencho (Elcho— Noreen), 

 Jan. 23. 



Juno— Glencho. Mr. Ceo. I.angran's (Yonkers. N. Y.) red Irish set- 

 ter bitch Juno (Berkley— Tilley) to Mr. W.H. Pierce's Glencho (Elcho 

 —Noreen), Jan. 30. 



Polly— Bong Bang. Mr. II. B. Tallman's (Providence, R. I.) lemon 

 aud white pointer bitch folly (Beaufort— jSyulpb) to Bans Bang 

 (A.K.R. 3M), Feb. 16. 



lessen— Oon. Mr. A. R Hay-ward's (Rock Hill, S. C.i pointer bitch 

 Dessey (Percy's Fowler— Vixen ) to Mr. R. T. Yandev«rt'.s Don (A.K.R. 

 166), Jan. 19. 



Rub!/— scout. The Knickerbocker Kennel Club's liver and white 

 pointer bitch Ruby (Dick— Fan) to Mr. D. G. Elliot's Scout (A.K.R. 

 816), 



Fanclioit-l'ourty Toby. Mr. F. H. Adams's (Pawtucket, R. I.) pug 

 bitch Fanchon (Echo— Victoria) to the Chequasset Kennel's im- 

 ported roung Toby (A.K R. 473), Feb. 23. 



.1/ ay— Rebel l\~inrlem. Mr. R. M. Brown. Jr 's (Amherst ( '. II., Va. i 

 English setter bitch May (Lincoln— Daisy Dean) to Rebel Whidem. 



Pen rl Blue— Gen. Mr. Chas. York's (Bangor, Me,) Englisli setter 

 bitch Pearl Blue (Royal Blue— Oryad) to his Gun (Gladstone— May B.), 

 Nov. 1. 



Surf— Icicle. Mr. Chas. L. Lundy's (Cincinnati, O.), orange and 

 white' pointer bitch Surf (Bow— King's Maid) to Mr. Geo. W. Fisher's 

 icicle ('A.K.R. 82), Feb. 21. 



Flora— Glen II. Mr. G. A. Coleman's (Charlestown, Mass. (Gordon 

 bitch Flora (Tora-Chloe) to Mr. Geo. E. Brown's Glen II. (Dr. Aten's 

 Glen— Border Lilly). 



Hornell Boisij-Homrll silk. TheHornell Spaniel Club's (HorneUs- 

 villp, N. Y.) liver cocker spaniel bitch Hornell Daisy (Benedict— Flirt) 

 to their Hornell Silk (Obo— Chloe II. t. Jan. 26. 



Hornell Belle II.— Hornell Sill;. The Hornell Spaniel Club's (Hor- 

 rn'ilsville, N. Y.) black and tan cocker spaniel bitch Hornell BeUe 

 U. (Hornell Hand v— Hornell Belle) to their Hornell Silk (Obo-Chloe 

 n.), Feb. 9. 



Princess Rose II.— Rebel Win/lent. Mr. R. S. Terry's English setter 

 bitch Princess Rose 11. (Gladstone, Jr.— Princess Rose) to Rebel 

 Wmtem. Feb. S3. 



frost's Queen— Rebel )\'iudem. Mr. A. S. Payne's English setter 

 bitch Frost's Queen (Stout -Frost) to Rebel Windem, Feb. 15, 



Ress-Rush Gladstone. .Mr. J. E. Mask's (Hickory Valley, Teun. ) 

 black setter bitch Hess (Mark— Vic) to Mr. J. M. Avent's Rush Glad- 

 stone I Gladstone— Donna J.), Feb. 17. 



Countess A.— Count Noble. Mr. J. M. Avent's (Hickory YiUev. 

 Tenn.) English setter bitch Countess A. (Dashing Lion— Arraidai to 

 Count Noble. Dee. 25. IKK}. 



WHELPS. 



Kg" See instructions at head of this column. 



t*rincess Eugenia. Mr. H. C. Sherman's English setter bitch 



Princess Eugenia (Ranger III. ), Feb. 17, ten (eight dogs), by 



Mr. W. A. Coster's Buckellew (A.K.R. SO); all orange and white 

 ticked. 



>del Blue. Mr. a P. Garland's (Ipswich, Mass.j English setter 

 bitch Model Blue (Druid— Gussie), Feb. 18, nine (five dogs), by Mr. A. 

 31. Tucker's Dash III. 



Matchless. Mr. F. Thurls's (Newbnryport. Mass.) Euglish setter 

 bitch Matchless. Feb. 13, nine (four dogs), by Mr. A. M. Tucker's 

 Dash HI. 



Pearl Bine. Mr. (has. York's (Bangor, MeO English setter bitch 

 Pearl Blue (Royal Blue— Oryad), Jan. 2. twelve (seven dogs), by his 

 'tun (Gladstone— May B.h 



Beit. Mr. Thos. Goode Tucker g (South Gaston. N. C.) Byron fox- 

 hound bitch Bert (Watchman— Hannah i, Feb. 25, live (three dogs), 



by Epps(Broduax's Spot ). 



'Fan. Mr. E. C. Alden's iDedham. Mass.) champion black pointer 

 bitch Fan iPete— Belle). Jan. 11 I. five (three dogs), by his champion 

 Pete, Jr. (Bete— Nail). 



SALES. 



SW See instructions at head of this column. 



Countess Sake. Black, white and tan EDglish setter bitch, 2U 

 years old (Rake— Phyllis), by Mr Edward Odell, New Orleans, La., to 

 Mr. J. B. C. Lucas. 



Anfea IB Fawn mastiff bitch ( A.K.R, 685), by the Riverside Kennel, 

 Clinton, Mass., to Mr. W. 11. Herrick. Montpeher, Vt. 



Ralph IB Red Irish setter dog, whelped June 9, 1883, byRonold 

 (Elcho— Rose) out of Nellie B. (Dash— Creena), by Dr. J. R'. Housed 

 Watsoniowu, Pa,, to Mr. Geo. Snyder, Almota. W. T. 



Floss II. Liver and white cocker spaniel bitch, age not given 

 (Handy- Nellie Coporn), by Mr. L. C. Andrus, Malone, N. Y., to Dr. 

 G. n. Kidney, same place. 



Lute. White beagle. bitch, whelped June 23, 1882 (Ringwood— 

 Noraht, by Mr. T. T Phlegar. Pearisburg, Va., to Mr. C. P. Kent 

 Montieello\ N. Y. 



yashie. White, black aud tan beagle bitch, whelped June 23. 1883 

 (Ringwood— Noratt), by Mr. T. T. Phlegar. Pearisburg. Va.. to Mr C 

 F. Kent. Monticello. NY. 



Elcho— Rose, whelp. Red Irish setter bitch, whelped Aug. 1, 1883. 

 by Dr. Wm. Jarvis, ularemont, K. H., to Mr. J. A. J. Sprague, Engle- 

 w'ood. 111. 



Freund. Orange and white rough-coated St. Bernard dog 

 whelped Aug. 2, 1883 (champion Bonivard— Theon. A.K.R. 04). by 

 the Cnequasset Kennels, Lancaster, Mass., to Mr. Chas. Parsons, Jr., 

 New York. 



Otesar. Orange, with white markings, imported rough-coated St. 

 Bernard dog, whelped July 5, 1879 (A.K.R. 22), by the Chequasset. Ken- 

 nels, Lancaster, Mass., to the Forest City Kennels, Portland, Me. 



Salme. Fawn pug dog. whelped Oct. 11, 1883 (Little Boffin- Santa), 

 by Mr. F. B. Lucy, Boston, Mass., to Mr. C. H, Andrus, same place. 



Tokie. Black and white Japanese spaniel, 2 years old (Jim Willie— 

 Tokio), by Mr. F. B. Lucy, Boston, Mass., to Mrs. Dr. Kimball, Lowell, 

 Mas 6. 



Benqlo. Black and white Japanese spaniel. 2 years old (Larley— 

 See Sot, by Mr. F. B. Lucy. Boston, Mass.. to Mr. M. Hodges, same 

 place. 



Came. English setter dog, whelped Dec. 31, 1883 (Dashing Dan- 

 Daisy Starlight), by Mr. H. W. Durgin, Bangor, Me., to Mr. F. S. 

 Davenport. 



Dashiroj Dan— Pais;/ Starlight idiel/is. EnglF'Ji setter dogs. whelped 

 Dee. 31. 1*3, by Mr. H. W. Durgin, Bangor, Me., a lemon belton to 

 Mr. R. L. Henry, Hamden, Conn., and a blue belton aud tan to Mr. 

 Twombley. Boston, Mass. 



Norena. Red Irish setter bitch. whelped July 30, 1888, by champion 

 i VICE, 295) out of champion Noreen (A.K.R. 297). bv Dr. Wm. 

 Jarvis. Claremont. N. H., to Dr. J. Frank Perry, Boston, Mass. 



ail 111. Red Irish setter hitch, age not given (Red Gauntlet— 

 yuail 11.) by the Rory O'More KeuneJ, Albany, N. Y., to Mr. A. P. 

 Pope, Clean, N.Y. 



Soiitn'j. Imported black and tan cocker spaniel dog, whelped 

 March 15, 1879 (Briar— Gvpsv). bv Mr. J. W. Rushforth. Yonkers, N.Y., 

 to Dr. C. T. Hubbard. Taunton, Mass. 



Gypsy O'More. Red Irish setter bitch, wkelped July G, 1883 (Rory 

 O'More— Quail III.), by the Rory O'More Kennels, Albany, N. Y., to 

 Mr. Jas. A. Stimson. Cohocs, N. Y. 



Sylvia. Red Irish setter bitch, age not given (Rory O'More— Samp- 

 son's Nora), by the Rory O'More Kennels, Albany, N. Y., to Mr. Jas. 

 A. Stimson, Cohoes, N. Y. 



Dash III.— Katydid whelps. Black and white English setters, dog 

 and bitch, whelped Dec. 14, 1883, by Mr. E. H. Fisher, New Bedford, 

 Mass., to Drs. C. T. Hubbard and .1. W. Hayward, Taunton, Mas. 



Katydid. Black and white English setter bitch, whelped May 19, 

 188! (Guy Mannering— Whirlwind), by Mr. E. H. Fisher, New Bed- 

 ford, Mass., to Drs. C. T. Hubbard and J. W. Hayward, Taunton, 

 Mass. 



Wallace. Red Irish setter dog, whelped June 5, 1883 (Rubv— Kit), 

 by Miss Ida F. Warren, Leicester, Mass.. to Mr. Charles E. San ford, 

 Worcester. Mass. 



(trace B. Black and white English setter bitch, 21 mouths old 

 (London— Dawn), Mr. II. Bailey Harrison. Tilsoubupg. Out., to Mr. 

 C. Fred. Crawford, Pawtucket, R. I. 



Mack B. Lemon roan English setter dog, 16 months old (Dick Lav- 

 erack— Twilight), by Mr. H. Bailey Harrison, Tilsouburg, Ont,. to Mr. 

 U. Fred. Crawford, Pawtucket, R. I. 



(tent ■ Lemon and white English setter bitch, 16 months old ( Dick 

 Laverack— Twilight), by Mr. H. Bailey Harrison. Tilsonburg, Out., to 

 Mr. O. Fred Crawford, Pawtucket, R. I. 



Belle II. White, black und tan beagle bitch, whelped Oct. 23, 16S1 

 i King— Belle), by Mr. A. C. Krueger, Wrightsville, Pa., to Mr. Charles 

 F Kent. Monticello, N. Y. 



Judfje. White, black and tan beagle dog. whelped Aug. 21, 188s 

 (Rattler II.— Kena), by Mr. A. C. Krueger, Wrights alio. Pa., to Mr. 

 Geo. L. Barnes, Tvringham, Mass. 



Kitty. White, black and tan beagle bitch, whelped Aug. 24, 1883 

 (Rattler It.— Rena), by Mr. A. C. Krueger, Wrightsville, Pa,, to Mr. 

 J. H. Morgan, Baltimore, Md. 



DEATHS. 



£.%**- See instructions at hea'a of ih is column. 



Rainb'ou-. Eiwr and white pointer dog (Thampiou Bow— Roxie , 

 owned by M'r. Edward Odell, New Orleans, La, 



Minnie. Lemon and white pointer bitch, 7 years old (Sensation— 

 Whiskey), owned by Mr. Elliot Smith, New York, Feb. 25. from par- 

 alysis. 



Nt Vic linvton Black and tan Gordon setter bitch, 7 years old 

 (Dulre or. Gordon— Tilley 's Dream), owned by Mr. George E. Brown, 

 Dedham, Mass., Feb. 19. cause unknown. 



Rector Lemon and white pointer dog (A.K.R. 700), owned by Mr. 

 Forest W. Forbes, Westboro.MaSs., Feb. 15 



,. ££*&? Live1 ' s P?niel dog (A.K.R. 728). owned by Mr. J. W. Bush- 

 forth, Yonkers, N.Y.. Feb. H, from distemper. 



Pandym. Black spaniel dog (A.K.R. 730). owned by Mr. J. W. 

 Rushforth, Yonkers. M.Y., March 2, from distemper. 



KENNEL MANAGEMENT. 

 ESP" Nfo Notice Taken of Anonymous Correspondents. 



H. B , Holton, Kan.- A puppy two months old, if in good health, 

 should stand the journey this time of year. 



Verax. Port Rowan, Ont.— Bathe the eyes twice daily with a wash 

 composed of five grains borax and one ounce rosewater. 



H. K., Easl Saugus, Mass.— Give an accurate description of the 

 wart and its exact location and we will advise as to its removal, 



F. W., Dunkirk, O.— Have a little patience. When he recovers his 

 Strength he may come all right . Bathe with cold tea twice a day. 



0. F. R„ Washington, D. C— 1. We would not advise breeding so 

 near relatives. 2. We have no picture of Dash. 8. See Kennel de- 

 partment. 



A. R., Cape Girardeau, Mo.— Your dog is probably ruined, and it 

 would pay you better to get rid of him and get another that has not 

 got his bad habits. 



L. A T., South Royalton, Vt.— Keep the bandage on the. foot wet 

 with chloride of zinc -three grains to the ounce of water. Give him 

 an occasional small dose of Epsom salts. 



J. H. W., Philadelphia, Pa.— We doubt if she will show any after- 

 effects of the accident as a breeder, and you will know nothing of it 

 so far as her field qualities are concerned. Dry her up as soon as 

 possible and destroy the pups. 



C. F. W., Palmyra, O.— Dress with sulphur and lard oiutment. Give 

 five drops of Fowler's solution of arsenic in her food twice a day 

 and increase one drop every second day up to twelve drops, and 

 keep up the treatment until you see an improvement or she shows 

 bloodshot eyes. 



S„ Ogdensburg.— It is a failing with short-legged spaniels to get 

 crooked in front, Ls the leg bone crooked, or is your pup loose- jointed 

 and out at elbows? Your treatment of the bitch was correct: hut 

 you should give a change from the cornmeal and oatmeal diet. Give 

 bread, meat and vegetables mixed. Tone the system up a little, and 

 do not be afraid of meat until you see an improvement in her appear- 

 ance. Dogs require meat, and you do not seem to give your bitch 

 any. Do not feed more than twice a day under an)' circumstances, 

 and the morning meal should be light. 



$hoating. 



FIXTURES. 



First International Clay-Pigeon Tournament, at" Chicago, HI., May 

 26 to 31. Managers, Ligowsky Clay-Pigeon Co., P. O. Box 1202. Cin- 

 cinnati, Ohio, 



SCIENCE OF RIFLE SHOOTING. 



Editor Forest and Stream: 



I beg to submit the following answers to the queries of Messrs. --J. 

 J. P." and "G. W. F.," in your issue of Feb. 21. from the standpoint 

 of a reader of Forest aud Stream interested in such subjects, with 

 the view of starting the discussion requested: 



No. 1.— If I understand the question, the answer may be: The 

 forces are quite different; in the first case 'he effect of the wind is a 

 rather complex one, dependent, for the most part, upon the strength 

 and directioa of the breeze, and the velocity, shape, area presented 

 by and weight of the bullet, In the second case, it is mainly gravity. 

 An instance might occur where the effect of the two adjustments 

 would be equal in amount, and — aiming toward the zenith — where 

 wind disturbance of the trajectory and that caused by elevating the 

 rear sight would be equal and opposite, but by no mechanical con- 

 trivance could they be made to vary in the ratio of their respective 

 forces, the cases of possible difference being so infinitely great in 

 number. 



No. 2.— The maximum pressure depends in amount upon the density 

 of the gaseous products of combustion at the instant the projectile 

 starts ( which is not saying the projectile does not sometimes start 

 before the maximum is reached) and the amount of upset depends 

 upon this pressure. It is clear that air space will diminish this density 

 and hence the pressure. 



The upsetting of a naked bullet should be merely sufficient to in- 

 crease the diameter to such a point as will effect a" normal rotation, 

 as anything more entails no end of evil features, among which may 

 be mentioned, a loss of useful energy of the charge in excessive mole- 

 cular distortion of the bullet, and hence in heat; in friction on the 

 walls of the bore, and finally in accuracy of the projectile once outside 

 With too quick powder air space may be necessary to eliminate all 

 these difficulties. With heavy or old powder it may be a positive dis- 

 advantage. With the heavy charges used in large artillery its use is 

 indispensable, as no gun metal is strong enough to stand the strains 

 without. 



If not necessary, it entails a loss in useful length of bore as the 

 velocity depends, other features being equal, upou the number of 

 times the charge is expanded from its original volume. 



No. 8.— Winchester's or any other, I think the blast from the primer 

 should be just cuflocient to ignite the point in the charge to which it 

 is applied. Otherwise there is a possibility of burning the charge 

 under greater pressure than it will itself furnish, not only through 

 the undue accession of gas from the primer, but from pulverizing 

 the powder grains and enhancing their rate of combustion. Valuable 

 notes on this subject may be found in Berthelot's latest lecture on 

 explosives. 



No. 4.— If the diameter of the patched portion of the bullet and 

 the material of the patch are suited to the caliber and the rilling, 

 and the weight of the Pullet to the nature of the powder, that is to 

 say all else being equal, lubrication is a source of gain in energy to 

 the bullet, and I think it can be applied with- suitable uniformity, It 

 is quite possible to imagine conditions where a lubricant would be 

 disadvantageous. Having, in particular, powder, the qualities of 

 which are indefinite, this can only be determined by experiment. 

 Any tyro can make such experiments for himself if he be patient and 

 weigh well all his results. 



No. 5. — The question is just a little vague, but if I uuder.-tand the 

 querist correctly, I think it Is because, for the same wind, a displace- 

 ment of the gauge on a short piece is less than with a long one, and 

 the habit of the eye in sighting with no gauge is less deranged, en- 

 abling the marksman to adjust himself with less change of position. 

 It seems probable also that with either long or short guns there 

 would be with most men less change from the habitual and natural 

 position in aiming, the wind gauge being placed at the muzzle. 



No. 6.— The patching and bullet must be concentric, or, better, the 

 center of gravity of the bullet must be in its axis, and the patching 

 of uniform thickness and flexibility, otherwise the bullet will not 

 center itself, and the flight will be a spiral. 



No. 7. — There is a certain kick of relation between the features re- 

 ferred to in the beginning of the question, but the latter may be 

 answered by a "Yes if the weight of the bullet is not greatly changed 

 by a lack of uniformity in its composition. It is quite clear that the 

 release of the patch, a« usually made, is of the first importance. 



Referring to tne latter part of the question,(it is more certain to be 

 separated from the bullet, if in contact with the charge, the pressure 

 and heat being greater in this position. 



No. 8.— I am hot perhaps qualified to fully answer this question, 

 not being a professional marksman, but think that much of the dis- 

 advantage in the change of light may be eliminated by the use of a 

 shade susceptible of being pivoted in three directions, to be placed 

 at will on either side of the piece abreast the rear sight. The diffi- 

 culty }8 usually caused by the interference of rays of light reflected 

 by the surfaces <f the 'different positions of the sight, invariable 

 quantity aud quality with a change in the position of the sun. The 

 effects referred to may be studied with a caudle placed in different 

 positions near the rear sight and ihe benefits of the suggested shade 

 illustrated. 



No, 9.— A most important question, not specially so in regard to the 

 selection of the powder maker, but of the powder. Lacb weight and 

 caliber of bullet should have its suitable charge in which the quality 

 of the powder is quite as important a feature as the quantity, The 

 weight ox the bullet being fixed, the question is to develop the high- 

 est velocity with accuracy, within the limits of safety and distress in 

 recoil. A long series' of experinisnts will alone establish the powder 

 charge best suited to each class, in which the nature of the powdej 

 as affected by its specific gravity, its size of grain and special features 



of ingredients or manipulation in manufacture will be the task of the 

 investigator, It will be answered. This is all done now, but I think 

 not so to a sufficient extent, else there would be fewer queries. I 

 nave no doubt many of the powder manufacturers can produce good 

 work aud can vary the qualities of their product at will. I do know 

 however that the scientific knowledge and experience brought to 

 bear m the,,- profession by the Messrs. Dupont are quite on a level 

 ^f t?^ importance of the question. In common with other readet S 

 otl'OREST and Stream I shall look with interest for the disclosure 

 promised by "J. J. P." at a later day. 



.•r,^ eneS b '^ "Pt F t X"'!. First - It: depends principally as remarked 

 in lesponse to "J. J. P., upon the nature of the powder. Each new 

 lot you receive, experiment a little to see if air spacing prove bene- 

 nciaj. in no case, however, compress the powder. If you allow 

 nothing between bullet and charge, place the former simply and 

 enmp without force, having previously tapped the charge down to 

 its smallest volume. 



Second— All the flaming particles seen at the muzzle of a gun on 

 litharge are not partially burned powder. This effect is usually 

 1 by the solid products of combustion heated to incandescence. 

 Powder, however, may be, and frequently is, blown out unburned, 

 out (among hfty other possible causesiit is perhaps too dense, or the 

 relation between the weights of the charge aud projectile and the 

 length ana caliber of the bore has not been correctly established. 



It has been found that ignition at the front end of the cartridge in- 

 creased slightly the velocity of the. projeetDe— probably because 

 there is less vibration of the gaseous wave as the projectile u 

 down the bore-thus giving a more uniform impulse to produce 

 acceleration. vv M F 



Annapolis, aid., Feb. 28. 



MILITIA SHOOTING EAST AND WEST. 



THE Hartford Courant, speaking of the work of the State National 

 Guard on the ranges, says: 



"The splendid results of the season's work are deserving of more 

 than a limited notice when it is considered how important this branch 

 of the service is to the military service of the State. A military or- 

 ganization with gaudy uniforms, marching with perfect alignments 

 and steady step, is applauded as the perfection of military discipline, 

 and so far as it goes it is well deserved, but one of the vital qualifica- 

 tions of a soldier is his ability to use his riae with effect. This can 

 only be accomplished by systematic and persistent practice with the 

 majority of recruits. The present system of target practice in the 

 Connecticut National Guard requires that every man shall begin to 

 shoot at 100yds. distance; if he succeeds in making 13 points out 

 of a possible 25, he is promoted to the next class, which is 200yds.: 

 there are the same conditions lo the second class, which is 30i» and 

 andlOOyds. All men who can make 50 per cent, of a possible score 

 at the latter range are then in the first class and can shoot for the 

 marksman's badge. The distances are 200 and 600yds , and five shots 

 are allowed at each range. Two trials only can' be made, audita 

 guardsmen succeeds in making a 50 per cent, score he is a marksman 

 and entitled to wear the State badge. If he makes an SO percent. 

 score, or better, he receives a silver bar or badge with the word 'sharp- 

 shooter' inscribed thereon. Each year a man rhi st demonstrate his 

 ability to shoot by going back into the second class and advancing 

 as before. So it will be seen that our citizen soldiers are put through 

 a practical course of training in the use of a weapon which is too 

 often carried by men who haven't the slightest knowledge of its use. 

 The value of this course of discipline cannot be overrated. Since 

 target practice was first established for the 0. N. O. the 1< irst regi- 

 ment has led the entire brigade in the number of marksmen . In 1879 

 the entire brigade had 567 marksmen, of which the First had 300, In 

 1880 the brigade had 540, of which the First regiment, with ten com- 

 panies, had 310. In 1881, out of 387 in the entire brigade, th« regi- 

 ment, with eight companies, had 207. In 1883 the total was 304, of 

 which the First regiment had 160. It is generally known, of course, 

 that there are four regiments and a battalion of three companies, 

 besides a battery of artillery in the brigade. It will be easy to 

 estimate that the First regiment has averaged as many marksmen 

 as the entire rest of the brigade, and can appropriately 'be called the 

 "shooting regiment." In 1880, when the regiment qualified 316 

 marksmen, there were two more companies iu the regiment and over 

 two hundred more men on the rolls than at the present time. We 

 give below the figures of each company, and it is safe to conclude 

 that no other regiment in the country can equal i*: 



Marks- Sharp- 



men, shooters. Total. 



Field and Staff , 5 9 14 



Company A .50 3 52 



Company B 35 7 42 



Company!) 14 1 15 



Company E 27 3 30 



Company F 13 18 60 



Company G 13 3 in 



Company H 28 IB 44 



Company K 14 19 63 



Company K qualified every member of the company and Company 

 F aU but one." 



In the far away state of Minnesota there does not come such a 

 faverable report. C. M. Skinner, of Co. B, 1st Regiment, says in a 

 recent letter: "The result of battles is decided largely by the number 

 of guns, large and small, their range, and above all, by the skill with 

 which the gunners use them. 



Recognizing this fact, those in authority in all civilized nations are 

 taking great pains, and expend a large amount of money to perfect 

 as far as possible, the rank and file of their armies in the use of their 

 rifles as an implement to shoot with, and every inducement is held 

 out in the way of prizes, badges of distinction', honor, etc.. to bring 

 out the highest degree of skill. This has been going, on in all Euro- 

 pean countries for twenty years and upward and never have they 

 heen more interested in it than at the present time. 



The War Department of our own countrynow authorize the expendi- 

 ture of large amounts of ammunition tor target practice, and any 

 one who has witnessed the annual department contests at fori Sneli- 

 ing can but notice the earnestness with which the soldiers enter the 

 contests^ and be surprised at the great accuracy displayed up to 

 600yds. In a government like ours, whose chief strength is the 

 National Guards and volunteers, all see the importance of ha\ ing 

 them as well skilled in the use of firearms as possible. 



Tn all Eastern States the militia have already attained an enviable 

 degree of skid as marksmen. 



But at the West, with the exception of the single State of Michigan, 

 which last fall bore away the Hilton trophy from Creedmoor. there 

 has been nothing done, except what a few companies have done at 

 their own expense. In fact, it would seem that they have been dis- 

 couraged by those in authority. 



I hold that no better looking, abler bodied, more courageous, better 

 disciplined, better drilled in manual of arms and field movements 

 exist iu the country than our own Minnesota National Cnards; but 

 alas! 200 buffalo hunters who don't know a "carry" from a ' pre- 

 arms, or a "right wheel" from a "parade rest," in an open plain 

 would drive, the National Guard of Minnesota from the field. 'Ihe 

 reason is obvious, but few of the gentlemen know what to do with 

 their rules at 200yds., and almost none at 400, 500 and 000yds. 



The staff officers could create a good deal of interest with the com- 

 pany officers, and they with their men. A captain can lead his men 

 to the target, as well as to a bayonet charge, an exhibition drill, dress 

 parade, or ball. 



Target practice is now a very prominent feature of the annual en- 

 campments of all Eastern troops, and the result is eagerly watched 

 by staff and State officers, and this is as it should be. Thus far Min- 

 nesota has done nothing to encourage rifle practice among her Na- 

 tional Guard. No State range has been laid out, and the militia are 

 furnished the liberal supply of 1,000 cartridges per company, about 

 15 or 18 per man, an amount that ought to be fired each mouth, but 

 they have positive instructions to never use them. 



Several companies have done some 200yds. work at their own ex- 

 pense, and some of the shooting has been very creditable. The great- 

 est effort made by any company, perhaps, was by "B." Company First 

 Regiment, wiio entered a team of six men to contest for the champion 

 military badge ut Fort Knelling last September, and as they haa no 

 opposition bore it away in triumph. TheW. R. A. has done more to 

 get up an interest in military shooting in the»West, among the militia, 

 than all other agencies put together. Special matches have i> 

 made and liberal prizes offered for two years at their tournament at 

 Fort Sneiliug. The first year saw their prize, the champion military 

 badge, go to "C" Company, Seventh Infantry and carried away to 

 Ft. Laramie. Last September, recognizing the fact that they must 

 get the commissioned officers interested, they offered an elegant sil- 

 ver cup valued at $25 in a commissioned officers' match, especially 

 gotten up for commissioned officers of the National Guard, but on 

 the day of the match but one commissioned officer was on ftie ground 

 and he was from Illinois, although both match and prize were, liber- 

 ally advertised. 



The Association, doomed to disappointment at not getting any en- 

 tries from the. National Guards, they offered it: to the United States 

 Army commissioned officers and it was carried off by Lieut, Emery. 

 This apathy 011 the part of the commissioned officers ol the National 

 Guards is easily explained, no one was iu practice, no one wanted to 

 be laughed at for tUeir poor scores, or the awkward handling of their 

 guns. 



" It any here would inquire why the W. R. A. arc so solicitous! about 

 the skill of the N. G,. I v,ould acswer that trios', cf its members and 

 warmest supporters are ex soldiers and know the need of having the 



