§66.] 



PRONOUNS. 



33 



The derivations of the above will be found in the vocabulary. I do not know 

 the derivation of so, one. It may have a pronominal origin, and be connected with 

 sa-, that. It is the only numeral that changes for gender. 



Pronouns. — 



§ 64. Personal Pronouns. — The pronoun of the first person has, exceptionally, 

 an oblique form in the singular, the nominative being az or haz, and the oblique 

 singular mun. The pronouns of the first and second persons take tar , not ta, as the 

 preposition of the genitive (see § 59), and, as they refer to persons, they take ku or 

 ku, not i, in the locative [ih.). We thus get the following declensions : — . 



I. Thou. 



tu. 



pa-tu. 

 tar-tu. 

 ku-tu. 



tyus or tyuz. 

 pa-tyus {tyuz). 

 tar-tyus (tyuz). 

 ku-tyus (tyuz). 



The origins of these forms will be found in the vocabulary. Here we may point 

 out the parallels : — 



Kurd, az: Prs. man, Kurd, (suffix) min ; Old Bal. and M. max, S. mas; O. Prs. 

 amo-xam, but Av. ahmakdm. 



Prs. tu, Kurd, tu, tii, but P. ta. For the plural the original forms are probably 

 lus, tuz, as 0. commonly inserts a y before a long vowel (§ 13, 4). The nearest 

 Eranian forms to this are P. tasl, tasii, you, the origin of which is obscure (GIP. I, 

 ii, 217). With tyilz, we may perhaps compare P. muz, we, the origin of which is 

 also unknown. Much nearer is the Panjabi tusi, and the Maiya (Pisaca) tus, 

 you. 



§ 65. Relics of the third personal pronoun survive in the contracted pronouns 

 {h)al, to him; wi or wa, on him; and dl, from him, which will be dealt with in the 

 next section. Usually the demonstrative pronouns perform the office of pronouns of 

 the third person. 



§ 66. Contracted Pronouns. — These are : — 

 First Person. Second Person. 



Dat. hir or n, to me, to us. dal, to thee, to you. 



Sing. 





Xom. 



az or haz. 



Instr. 



pa-mun. 



Gen. 



tar-mun. 



Loc. 



ku-mun. 



iriur. 

 Nom. 



max- 



Instr. 



pa-max- 



Gen. 



tar-mUx- 



Loc. 



ku-rndx- 



Loc. di or da, in or on me, di or da, in or on thee, in or 

 in or on us. on you. 



Abl. 



Third Person. 



hal, to him, to her, to it, to 

 them. 



wi or wa, or (after a con- 

 sonant) a, in or on him, 

 her, it or them. 



dl, from him , her, it , or them . 



