INDIAN BOAT DESIGNS. 



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rule only one mast is carried, but in the larger ones, which run to loo tons, a small 

 mizzen is stepped at the after- end of the kelson. 



An altogether different form of Arab trader is the hoom or dhangi, a cheap and 

 older form of a small-sized baggala, from which it differs chiefly in the form of 

 the stem terminal and in having a sharp, raked stern in place of the counter and 

 highly ornamental broad stern. They are decked and with a poop, and are generally 

 smartly painted along the topsides in broad fore and aft bands. 



The stem-piece is plain and short, bounded by two converging horn-like bars of 

 wood continued forwards from the gunwale. 



Dhangis run to 200 tons, are rigged similarly to two -masted buggalas and are 

 said to be exceptionally fast sailers. They are generally owned by Arabs, but are 

 built chiefly on the Indian coast between Karachi and Calicut. 



Fig. I. — Fishing machwa, Karachi. 



The nauri is very much like the dhangi in essential details but has a characteristic 

 " Parrot's head " stem ornament, bespeaking Hindu influence in place of Arab. Beak 

 and eye are distinctly recognisable with a carved crest addition at top, from which 

 the simplified form seen in the gunjo must have been derived. They run to about 80 

 tons register and trade between India, the Persian Gulf and Zanzibar. They are 

 generally built on the Kathiawar coast. 



The boom or dhangi and the nauri are the least changed of the Arab type of trading 

 vessel, bespoken by their plain double-ended form. The others, baggalas, gunjos, and 

 sambuks as well as kotias and batels, respectively Arab and Indian, show distinct 

 Portuguese influence, for their high poops and squared sterns derive these characteristic 

 features directly from the early caravels. The richly carved stern and quarters of 



