EXPLANATION OF PIvATES. 



PivATE I (Frontispiece). 



Fig. I. — Parawa fisherman of Tuticorin. Cephalic index 82*16. Type of fea- 

 tures distinctly Polynesian. 

 ,, 2. — Stern view of two large river boats on the Ganges at Benares. Hulls 

 clinker built ; rudder of balanced type with long shaft and tiller. 



PivATE II. 

 Fig. I. — Arab dhangi showing sharp stern and colour scheme. 

 ,^ 2. — Arab baggala showing square stern and quarter projections. 



Plate III. 

 Fig. I. — A kotia outward bound. 

 „ 2. — Stern of a Kutch kotia. 



PI.ATE IV. 

 Fig. I. — A battela with boat rigged out as counterpoise. 

 ,, 2. — A large pattimar from Malwan. 



Plate V. 

 Fig. I. — A cargo lighter, Tuticorin. 

 „ 2. — ^A Tuticorin fishing canoe. 

 ,, 3. — Tuticorin spread-canoes, hauled up on the beach. Note their great 



beam and graceful lines. 

 ,, 4. — Mangalore backwater lighters. Penthouse cadjan roof to cabin and 



primitive square sail. 

 „ 5. — A two-masted fishing boat, Chilka Lake. 

 ,, 6. — Small coracles on the River Bhawani, S. India. 



Plate VI. 



Fig. i. — Fore end of deck oi a Jaffna dhoni ; puja to Siva being performed. 

 Note Saivite symbol on coiled stem-head surul. The pujari holds a 

 brass tray of offerings in one hand and a bell in the other; his assis- 

 tant is blowing a conch. 



„ 2. — Bow of the same vessel, showing a boss-shaped oculus nailed to the 

 planking. 



,, 3. — Fore end of a kalla dhoni, Pt. Calimere; an eye and the words Ammai 

 paravi incised on the bow. Note the rude conventionalized repre- 

 sentation of yellow garlands painted on the sides of the stem. 



,, 4. — Bow of a Ganges cargo boat, decorated with an elaborate oculus 

 fashioned in brass and with a garland hung round the stem head. 



All figures except those of Plates II, III and IV are from photographs by J. Hornell. 



Those of Plates II, III and IV are by kind permission of the Chairman of the Bombay Port Trust. 



