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ages, if recovered before they are assessed; and if not so 

 recovered, the policy of insurance shall be assigned to the 

 corporation which is held liable in damages, and it may 

 maintain an action thereon". Connecticut, New Hampshire, 

 Vermont and Wisconsin have each a shorter law which gives 

 the railroad an insurable interest so that the railroad 

 may secure insurance for its protection against damages. 



Penalties 



It is difficult to enforce a law if tliere is no 

 penalty incurred if the law is violated. A law is of no 

 use unless it can be enforced. Therefore there shou3-d 

 be a penalty for the violation of any law. The penalty 

 should be neither too severe nor too light. Judgment must 

 be used in specifying the aegree of the penalty. The 

 penalty must be severe enough so that it will not be cheap- 

 er to violate the law and pay the penalty than to observe 

 the law. A judgment on a civil action to recover dam- 

 ages is no defense under a criminal prosecution to inflict 

 a penalty. 



The Minnesota law requires that "Any company or 

 corporation violating any T)rovision of this section (14) 

 shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction 

 thereof shall be fined not less than fifty dollars and not 

 exceeding one hundred dollars and costs of prosecution for 

 each offense and any railroad employee or other individual 

 violating the same shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and 

 shall be punished by a fine of not less than twenty-five 



