Ripp. 



910 



Rinodus. See Pty chodus calceolus. VIII c. 



Ripple marks made by the waves in shallow water are 



abundant in all sandy formations: — Medina^ IV. Beautiful 

 specimens on the bare surfaces of many strata in the railroad 

 cut at Cook's mills. Wills' creek, Bedford Co. (T2, 98); see 

 spec. 5011 (00, 29) on white sandstone from Rockhill gap, 

 Huntingdon Co. — Clinton.^ Va. Ripple marks and broken 

 shells prove the littoral or estuary deposit of the shales (T3, 

 143.) — HamiltoR lower sandstones^ VIII c^ in Huntingdon Co. 

 are abundantly covered with them (T, 32). — Hamilton upper 

 sandstones^ VIII g.^ the lower layers on Aughwick creek show 

 them finely (T, 111). — Chemung red clay -sandstone^ VIJI ^, 

 at Imler's cross-roads. Kings township, Bedford Co., have sea- 

 weeds with ripple marks, evidently on a quiet shore (T2. 133). 

 — Chemung- Catshill passage heds^ VIII-IX^ red shale and 

 sandstone in Smith's valley, Clear ridge, Huntingdon Co. (T3, 

 102) ; see spec. 5012 (00, 29) on the upper side which are 

 ripple marks, and on the under side are seaweeds, Spirifera 

 disjuncta shells. — CatsMll., IX. The whole formation, 2500 

 feet thick, especially the red shale layers, have their surfaces 

 plentifully ripple-marked (T3, 92); and in Bedford Co. hand- 



