HoLO. 286 



a red surface, often minutely ground up; but often perfect, and 

 from an inch to an inch and a half in diameter; '*by far the 

 most numerous being the well-known English Old Ked fish 

 H. nobilissimus ; the cast of the enamel surface of the scale 

 being often the only thing preserved; teeth are often founds 

 sometimes jaws; and occasionally a fine spine." (Hall in I^ 

 54-, 99, 101,102; and all the northern Eeports.) 



Holoptychius taylori. {Sauripteris taylori.) Hall, Geol- 

 IX gf^SS^^^ ^Sy of the Fourth District of New 



York, 1843, page, 281, fig. 130, 1. A 

 scale, or plate, from CatsMll roclcsy 

 IX. Note. — This scale, with those 

 on page 285, and the fin there 

 given, were collected in northern 

 Pennsylvania (see foot note to 

 Hall's 1833, p. 281). The name 

 Sauripteris., or croGodile--fin.^ was 

 proposed by Hall at that time, with- 

 ^ i^^J^SSBiy^^SB^'' out determining whether or not 

 the scales belonged to the same animal. All these remains are 

 now recognized as belonging to various kinds of bucklered or 

 armoured fishes, which swarmed in the later Devonian sea. 



Holoptychius ? with Cocoosteus, and a multitude of 



other fish remains found ^by Dr. Kandall in the quarry near 

 Warren, Pa., 240' above the Allegheny river. Mr. White cal- 

 culates it 375' beneath the Olean conglomerate (the bottom 

 of No. XII) and conjectures that it is the 1st Venango oil 

 sand. (Q4, p. 102, note.) In Crawford Co., Greenwood, in 

 the (^\QVL^2i\e^eciioYi,\heMeadville upper limestone is a mass of 

 HsJi and shell fragments ; hundreds of fish scales on every frag- 

 ment of rock ; most of them belonging to Orodus, Cladodus, 

 PaloeonisGus\ but some looking like a small species of Holop- 

 tychius. (Q4, p. 140). in Huntingdon Co. fisJi scales and^ 

 hones appear in a red sandstone bed at the iase of IX, 350' 

 above the Chemung Upper (Lackawaxen) conglomerate of I. 

 C. White, (T3, 193). 



Holoptychius ? Bothriolepis ? collected by Claypole at 

 Kings' mills. Perry Co., Pa., from low Catskill beds (spec. 36- 

 G-1, 2, four.) See the cast of a plate (spec. S-36).— Speci- 

 mens 93-12, 13, 14, and the tooth 93-16, are all from White's 



