62 Practical Orcharding On Rough Lands. 



the use of the plants. There may be orchards 

 where there is an excess of moisture, or too 

 much at the wrong time, thereby causing wood 

 growth to be made at the expense of the forma- 

 tion of fruit buds. For this reason we find trees 

 continuing to grow on the North hillsides long 

 after those on the South have ceased. Again we 

 often find the trees much larger at a given 

 age, and just as frequently they are late coming 

 into bearing. This will be discussed more 

 fully under *e head of Cul.iva.ion. 

 The Warmth of the Soil.— The w^armth of 



the soil will be governed ; first, by the character 

 of the soil; and secondly, by the slope of the 

 land. Where the soil has a great deal of sand 

 or gravel in it, we call it a warm or early soil. 

 A warm soil is especially valuable in the 

 growing of strawberries, early fruits and vegeta- 

 bles, but has likely claimed more attention from 

 the berry growers than any other class of horti- 

 culturists up to the present time. When we 

 wish to produce the extra early varieties of ber- 

 ries, we look for Southern slopes with a warm 

 soil. If we want to furnish a late market we 

 use a late variety and choose a Northern slope, 

 ftus recognising' *e difference in Ae warm* 

 of the soil a$ determined principally by the 

 aspect 



