Practical Orcharding On Rough Lands. 75 



way, while if the site is steep an entirely dif- 

 ferent line of preparation would be followed. 



If it should be an old worn field, then you 

 could plow thoroughly and might even use a 

 sub-soiler to an advantage. While on the other 

 hand, if it is new land just cleared, the method 

 suggested for the old field would not suit at all. 

 So we should study our conditions and choose 

 our methods accordingly. In the prepara- 

 tion of woodlands the question may be asked as 

 to whether the timber should be removed by 

 grubbing, or simply by chopping it off. Here, 

 as in many other farm preparations we find a 

 very great difference of opinion. We shall 

 not try to settle this or any other disputed point 

 But let us keep in mind the object in view, 

 namely, getting rid of the brush, roots and 

 stumps of the forest, and preparing the land 

 for tihe roots of the fruit trees. Any method 

 that will accomplish this in the shortest time 

 and with the least labor is the one that should 

 be adopted or practiced. 



In our experience we find that we can accom- 

 plish this quicker and cheaper by chopping off 

 than by grubbing. The explanation we have 

 to offer is that when we grub a bush or tree, 

 we likely remove the first six or ten inches of 

 the growth below the ground. Then the stump 

 (f6r that is what it is), of the root sends up 



