Practical Orcharding On Rough Lands. 91 



much more space as the other. Shading of the 

 land should be considered when deciding upon 

 the distance for setting the trees. This is of 

 special importance on many of the steep shaly 

 southern exposures which are being planted to 

 orchards, as we find it is absolutely necessary to 

 shade these lands in order to get best results. 

 This will be more fully explained under the 

 head of Pruning. This may be best accom- 

 plished by the plan of setting the trees hit or 

 miss as already described. 



Fillers. — ^The practice of setting early bear- 

 ing trees between the permanent ones as fillers 

 has been practiced largely in some sections of 

 the country, and has some features to recom- 

 mend it. Especially when using high priced 

 land, or when the grower is in need of early 

 returns to help develop the plantation. We 

 have known of a case where peach trees were 

 used as fillers in the apple orchard, there being 

 two peach trees set for each apple. The rows 

 of apple, thirty-two feet apart, then a row of 

 peach between them one way, setting the peach 

 sixteen feet apart. When this orchard was si? 

 years old the peach had borne three crops 

 and had paid the whole expense of growing the 

 apple trees and the peach orchard up to that 

 time. When the peaches were cut out at six 



