] 1 Practical Orcharding On Rough Lands, 



Spaces in the center of the bunches with dirt, 

 and if any should be left open the roots will 

 dry out and be damaged in that way as well 

 as by freezing. Place stakes between varieties 

 so as to keep them separated. 



Labeling. — The wooden labels which came 

 on them will probably be gone before spring. 

 So it may be best to re-label them by taking an 

 old tin can, cutting it in strips, one end of 

 which should run to a point, then with a 

 scratch-awl or point of a pen knife write the 

 name of variety on bright side of the tin, coil 

 the slender end of the strip around the twig, 

 the next spring (after the rust has gotten in its 

 work) the writing will be as legible as though 

 it had just been written with pen or pencil. 

 These labels will be found very useful in or- 

 chard, vineyard or nursery. Scraps of zinc 

 may be used when at hand and written on with 

 common lead pencil which remains for a long 

 period. After the trees have been placed in the 

 trench, draw the dirt up from the north side 

 well over the roots, and the greater portion of 

 the tops, being careful to fill all openings 

 among the roots so as to exclude the air. The 

 placing of the tops toward the south and draw- 

 ing the dirt up from the north side forms a 

 slight mound sloping toward the north; this is 



