1 70 Practical Orcharding On Rough Lands. 



the ground. This is especially necessary on steep 

 land where there is danger of washing. These 

 vines will be mashed down by the snows and 

 make a complete protection for the soiL The 

 cow pea being a southern plant should never 

 be planted until the soil is thoroughly warm. 

 Too early planting, we think, is the cause of 

 more failures in the growing of this crop than 

 anything else. The next spring after .he weeds 

 have started (by this we know that the soil 

 is warm,) the vines may be worked into the 

 soil with a cut-a-way harrow and the ground 

 reseeded. Always leaving a space around the 

 tree ^s has been described. This .reataen, 

 may be continued unless the tree makes too 

 much wood growth, then if the orchard is on 

 steep lind, some of the mulch systems may be 

 practiced. 



Winter cover crops should not be allowed 

 to occupy the land too late in the spring, espe- 

 cially rye, the danger of which has been men- 

 tioned. Crimson clover and vetch should be 

 ploughed under, or preferably cut in with a 

 cut-a-way harrow before the growth is large 

 enough to cause danger of souring the soil; if 

 cut ih however, there will be little or no danger 

 Pf acidiq,, as i. will n,. be buried so deep but 



