Practical Orcharding On Rough Lands. 241 



will require more time to heal over, than if 

 it had been made at the proper place. We 

 should do well to be governed by the little rolls 

 of bark that we find at the base of the limb 

 where it joins the body. If this is left un- 

 molested, cutting just up to it, this roll con- 

 tinues to grow and covers over the wound in a 

 much shorter time than the same sized wound 

 could have been healed without this natural 

 agency. 



When heading in young trees we find it of 

 great advantage to make the cut near a bud, for 

 if it be made some distance from the bud the 

 switch will die back to a bud and leave a stub, 

 or as they look to us, a tombstone to mark our 

 carelessness. 



If we go on heedlessly with this work as 

 many have in the past we may have to call in 

 the tree surgeon and dentist, and have them 

 take our shade and even fruit trees in hand. 

 They, by boring and chiselling out dead or 

 rotten wood and filling in with concrete, may 

 save some of our beautiful and valuable trees. 

 It would be better for us to be more careful in 

 our work when pruning, and do it in such a way 

 and at such times, that by the proper applica- 

 tion of some coating material to the wound this 

 dentistry could be largely if not altogether 

 avoided. 



