THE ORCHIDS OF NEW ENGLAND. 97 
tracted base of the lip is grooved, or with incurved margins, 
the trough leading as a sure guide to the narrow orifice of the 
nectary. The two anther-cells are widely scparated, but little 
divergent; their lower ends projecting strongly forward, bring 
the naked discs just into line with the orifice of the nectary. 
The pointed tip of a pencil brought to the orifice neatly 
catches the sticky discs and brings away the pollen-masses; 
when the movement, which is effected within a quarter or a 
third of a minute, converges thcm just enough to make them 
hit the broad stigma (which lies rather high) upon the re-appli- 
cation of the pencil. The ‘drum-like pedicel’ (seen in ©. 
Hookert), is present in this species also, but reduced to a mini- 
mum; the movement which takes place appears to result 
wholly from its change of form, the portion towards the anther 
contracting most, and to be one of depression solely.” 
Habenaria tridentata, Barton’s Three-toothed Orchis, which 
has already been mentioned as coming close to the True 
Orchises, is the Ovchis tridentata of Muhlenberg and the 
Gyimunadenta tridentata of Lindley, and through July and 
August at the North, and sometimes as late as August in 
Eastern Massachusetts, presents its single leaf and its few 
greenish-white flowers.* This Habenaria resembles H. hyger- 
borea in that the anther-cells open “before the flower bud,” 
as Gray says, “is fully grown, or at least four or five days 
before the flower opens, and as the flowers at this time are 
horizontal and somewhat reclining, the packets of pollen 
which spontaneously detach themselves from the pollen-mass 
may fallout. In every case of flowers opening naturally, the 
anther-cells were found widely gaping, yet so far as we can see 
the pollen-masses cannot of themselves fall upon or reach the 
stigmatic surface.” There are, however, in this Habenaria, 
“three club-shaped projections or processes, which are nearly 
es 
*T have drawn them a little too large, in my illustiation (Fig. 20). 
7 
