1360 



ENCYCLOPEDIA OP PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 



The total quantity of orchard fruits 

 produced in 1909 was 11,957,000 bushels, 

 valued at $6,583,000. Apples contnhuted 

 about five-sixths of this quantity, peaches 

 and nectarines most of the remainder. 

 The production of grapes in 1909 amount- 

 ed to 17,872,000 pounds, valued at $489, 

 000, and that of nuts to 2,823,000 pounds, 

 valued at $40,000. Most of the nuts were 

 black walnuts. 



The production of all orchard fruits to- 

 gether in 1909 was 75.7 per cent greater 

 than in 1899, and the production of 

 grapes also increased. The total value of 

 orchard fruits increased from $2,944,000 

 in 1899 to $6,583,000 in 1909, and that of 



grapes from $315,000 m 1899 to $489,000 

 in 1909 It should be noted in this con- 

 nection that the values for 1899 mcluded 

 the value of more advanced products de- 

 rived from orchard fruits or grapes, such 

 as cider, vinegar, dried fruits, and tho 

 like, and may therefore involve some du- 

 plication, while the values shown for 

 1909 relate only to the products in their 

 original condition. 



The following table shows the quanti- 

 ties of the more advanced products man- 

 ufactured by farmers from orchard fruits 

 and grapes. Values were not called for 

 on the schedule. 



PRODUCT 



Cider, 



Vinegar 



Wme and grape juice 



Dried frmte 



Farms reporting, 1909 

 Number 



14,707 



10,453 



5,413 



15,753 



Per cent of 

 all farms 



5 3 

 3 8 

 2 

 5.7 



Unit 



Quantity produced 



1909 



Gals 

 Gals 

 Gals 

 Lbs 



1,005,881 

 402,518 

 245,656 



1,102,274 



1899 



930,668 



316,575 



122,382 



1,327,660 



MIT3ES OR Red Spidebs. See under Ap- 

 ple. 

 Moisture, Coi^sebvation or. See Soils. 



MontaBa 



Montana, the third state m size in the 

 United States, has 146,000 square miles 

 or 93,491,200 acres Of this amount 26- 

 000,000 acres is classed as mountain land, 

 too rough for agricultural purposes and 

 valuable mostly for mining; 38,000,000 

 acres is grazing land, and 30,000,000 acres 

 farming land, some of which can be ir- 

 rigated, and small strips of which are 

 adapted to fruit growing The mountain 

 ranges are part of the Rocky mountain 

 system and include the Bitter Root moun- 

 tains, Kootenai, Cabinet, Mission, Tobac- 

 co Root, Snow Crest, and others. 



The western part of the state is drain- 

 ed by the Bitter Root, the Missoula, the 

 Flat Head, the Kootenai, and other tribu- 

 taries of the Columbia river, the eastern 

 part is drained by the Yellowstone and 



Missouri with their small tributaries 

 Mount Stimpson summit of G-lacier park 

 is peculiarly distinguished by the fact 

 that its waters drain into three oceans; 

 toward the north, through the St. Marys 

 and the Belly rivers, its waters drain in- 

 to the Arctic ocean; toward the west, 

 through the Colum.bia, into the Pacific; 

 and toward the east, through the Mis- 

 souri, into the Gulf of Mexico and At- 

 lantic ocean. 



The Bitter Root valley is perhaps the 

 oldest fruit-growing section in the state, 

 and at the present time is believed to be 

 the best. Apples, pears and plums are 

 grown and are exceptionally fine in size 

 and flavor Some varieties of cherries, 

 grapes and peaches do well if locations are 

 wisely chosen This valley is m the 

 southwestern part of the state and is 

 about 75 miles long by 10 in width. It 

 has an altitude of 3,200 to 4,500 feet. 



Montana has much waste land, yet 

 without question is great in her possibil- 

 ities of mining, agriculture, horticulture, 

 and stock growing 



